Zamkati
Pulogalamu ya Mawu Oyamba Ndilemba lomwe limatsogolera ntchito yolemba ndipo limapatsa owerenga zinthu ziwiri: kufotokoza ndi njira yoyamba pazomwe zakhala zikuchitika, ndikuwonetseratu wolemba. Mwachitsanzo, mawu oyamba a Umberto Eco ku 1984 (buku lolembedwa ndi George Orwell mu 1949).
Oyambawo ali ndi mawu azolemba - sizongopeka chabe - ndipo kuphatikiza kwawo sikololedwa. Ali ndi zowonjezera zochepa kapena zochepa ndipo wolemba wawo, ambiri, sagwirizana ndi ntchitoyo. Mawu oyamba ake amakhala munthu amene amadziwa nkhani yomwe yafotokozedwayo kapena wolemba wake. Chifukwa chake, imapereka chidziwitso chowonjezera kwa owerenga chomwe chimawonjezera kuwerenga kwawo kapena chomwe chimawalola kuti amvetsetse momwe adapangidwira ndikusindikizidwira. Ngakhale nthawi zina, atha kukhala wolemba ntchito yekha yemwe amalemba mawu oyambawo.
Ntchito yofananayo yolemba imatha kukhala ndi mawu owonjezera angapo muma edition omwewo. Ma prologue awa amatha kukhala osiyana siyana. Izi zikachitika, zimatchulidwa mchaka chiti ndi mtundu wanji wa omwe amalankhula nawo amafanana.
Ntchito iliyonse yolembedwa imatha kutsatiridwa ndi mawu oyamba. Kaya ndi nthano chabe, mabuku andakatulo kapena nthano, mabuku, masewero, zolemba, zolemba, mabuku ophunzira, maphunziro asayansi, kuphatikiza zolembedwa kapena zilembo, zolembedwa m'mafilimu.
- Onaninso: Zolemba
Zinthu zoyambira
- Nthawi. Zitha kuphatikizira mndandanda wazomwe zantchitoyo kapena za moyo ndi ntchito ya wolemba.
- Mawu omasulira. Nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo zidutswa zomwe zatengedwa kuchokera m'mawu oyamba, kuti zitsimikizike kwambiri pazokambirana.
- Kuyesa kwanu. Mawu oyambawo amaphatikizapo ziweruzo, malingaliro kapena ziweruzo zokhudzana ndi ntchito yoyamba.
- Lingaliro lachitatu. Nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizira kuwunika ndi ndemanga zopangidwa ndi olemba ena, otsutsa kapena akuluakulu okhudzana ndi ntchito yoyambira.
Kapangidwe ka prologues
- Chiyambi. Zimaphatikizaponso chidziwitso chofunikira kupititsa patsogolo pakuwerenga ndikumvetsetsa kwa mawu oyamba. Katswiri wofufuza zamaphunziro adalongosola momwe adakumana ndi wolemba, momwe amayendera pantchitoyo, chifukwa chomwe amaiona kuti ndiyabwino kwambiri komanso momwe amawerengera.
- Chitukuko. Zokambirana zomwe zimathandizira kuyamika kwa ntchito ya oyambawo zimaperekedwa. Kuti achite izi, amagwiritsa ntchito ndemanga za anthu ena kapena mawu ogwidwa mawu.
- Kutseka. Mawu oyambawa amalimbikitsa owerenga kuti ayambe kuwerenga ntchitoyi. Pazomwezi, imagwiritsa ntchito malingaliro, zithunzi, ndemanga ndi kuzindikira.
Zitsanzo zoyambirira
- Mawu oyamba a Jean Paul Sartre ku Oweruzidwa padziko lapansindi Frantz Fanon
"Fanon, m'malo mwake, akuti Europe ikutsikira pachionongeko, kutali ndi kulira mokuwa, iye adwala. Dotolo samanamizira kapena kumudzudzula popanda chithandiziro - zozizwitsa zina zawonedwa - kapena kumpatsa njira zochiritsira; amawunika kuti akumwalira, kuchokera panja, kutengera ndi zomwe watenga. Ponena za kumuchiritsa, ayi: ali ndi nkhawa zina; Zilibe kanthu kuti imira kapena ikapulumuka. Ichi ndichifukwa chake buku lake ndi lochititsa manyazi (…) ”.
- Mawu oyamba a Julio Cortázar ku Nkhani zonseWolemba Edgar Allan Poe
"Chaka cha 1847 chidawonetsa Poe akumenyana ndi mizukwa, kubwereranso ku opiamu ndi mowa, akumamatira kupembedza kwathunthu kwa Marie Louise Shew, yemwe adamukonda kwambiri pa nthawi yovutika ya Virginia. Pambuyo pake adati "Mabelu" adabadwa kuchokera pazokambirana pakati pa awiriwa. Ananenanso zachinyengo za Poe masana, nkhani zake zongoyerekeza zaulendo wopita ku Spain ndi France, ma duels ake, maulendo ake. Akazi a Shew amasilira luso la Edgar ndipo amamulemekeza kwambiri mwamunayo. (…) ”.
- Mawu oyamba a Ernesto Sábato ku Osatinso, Buku la National Commission on Disappearance of Persons (Conadep)
"Ndi zachisoni, ndikumva kuwawa, takwaniritsa ntchito yomwe tapatsidwa ndi Purezidenti wa Constitution. Ntchitoyi inali yovuta kwambiri, chifukwa timayenera kupanga chithunzi chodetsa nkhawa, patadutsa zaka zambiri zochitikazo, pomwe zochitika zonse zachotsedwa mwadala, zolemba zonse zawotchedwa ndipo nyumba zawonongedwa. Tiyenera kudzikhazika tokha, chifukwa chake, pazodandaula za abale, pamawu a iwo omwe adatha kutuluka ku gehena ngakhalenso paumboni wa opondereza omwe pazifukwa zosamveka adadza kwa ife kuti anene zomwe amadziwa (... ) ”.
- Mawu oyamba a Gabriel García Márquez kwa Habla Fide, wolemba Gianni Mina
“Zinthu ziwiri zidakopa chidwi cha ife omwe tidamva kwa Fidel Castro koyamba. Imodzi inali mphamvu yake yoopsa yakusokeretsa. China chinali kuchepa kwa mawu ake. Mawu okokomeza omwe amawoneka opumira nthawi zina. Dokotala yemwe amamumvetsera adalemba bwino za zomwe zatayika, ndipo adatsimikiza kuti ngakhale popanda zoyankhula za Amazonia ngati tsiku lomwelo, Fidel Castro adaweruzidwa kuti akhale opanda mawu pasanathe zaka zisanu. Posakhalitsa pambuyo pake, mu Ogasiti 1962, kuneneratu kumawoneka ngati kukupereka chidziwitso chake choyamba, pomwe adakhala chete atalengeza m'kulankhula kwake kuti makampani aku North America atulutsidwa. Koma zinali zovuta zakanthawi zomwe sizinabwerezedwe (…) ”.
- Mawu oyamba a Mario Vargas Llosa kumaliza ntchito zonse za Julio Cortázar
"Zotsatira za Kuphulika pamene idawonekera mu 1963, kudziko lolankhula Chisipanishi, zinali zivomerezi. Icho chinachotsera ku maziko zikhulupiriro kapena malingaliro olakwika omwe olemba ndi owerenga anali nawo pazanjira ndi kutha kwa luso la nthano ndikuwonjezera malire amtunduwo kukhala malire osaganizirika. Chifukwa cha Kuphulika Tidaphunzira kuti kulemba inali njira yabwino yosangalalira, kuti zinali zotheka kufufuza zinsinsi za dziko lapansi ndi chilankhulo tikamakhala ndi nthawi yopambana, ndikuti kusewera, mutha kufufuza zinsinsi za moyo zomwe zimaletsedwa kudziwa nzeru, luntha lomveka, kuzama kwazomwe munthu sangathe kuziwona popanda zoopsa zazikulu, monga imfa ndi misala. (…) ”.
Tsatirani ndi:
- Chiyambi, mfundo ndi zotsatira
- Monographs (zolemba monographic)
