Zamkati
Pulogalamu yaMpweya wabwino Ndi gulu lazinthu zamagulu omwe amagawana mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana monga kukhala monatomic, osanunkha komanso opanda mtundu pazinthu zachilendo, sangakhale ozizira, ali ndi malo otentha kwambiri ndipo amatha kungothodwa atapanikizika kwambiri.
Mpweya wabwino, koposa zonse, uli ndi otsika kwambiri kuyambiranso kwa mankhwalandiko kuti, kuphatikiza pang'ono pazinthu zina za pagome la periodic. Pachifukwachi alandiranso dzina la mpweya inert kapena mpweya wosowa, ngakhale mayina onsewa akhumudwitsidwa masiku ano.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti pali zinthu zochepa zomwe zimachokera ku mpweyawu, koma ochepa. mafakitale amagwiritsa ntchito ndi machitidwe:
Mwachitsanzo, helium imaloŵa m'malo mwa hydrogen m'mabaluni ndi zombo zapamtunda, chifukwa ndi mpweya wosachedwa kuyatsa; ndipo helium yamadzi ndi neon imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu cryogenic. Argon imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chodzaza mababu a incandescent, kugwiritsa ntchito kupsa pang'ono kuyaka komanso njira zina zowunikira.
- Onaninso: Zitsanzo za Gasi Abwino ndi Gasi Weniweni
Zitsanzo za mpweya wabwino
Mpweya wabwino ndi asanu ndi awiri okha, kotero sipangakhale zowonjezerapo kuposa zitsanzo izi:
Helium (Iye). Chinthu chachiwiri chambiri kwambiri m'chilengedwe chonse, popeza mphamvu za nyukiliya zomwe zimapanga nyenyezi zimachokera ku kusakanikirana kwa haidrojeni, imadziwika bwino chifukwa chakusintha kwa mawu amunthu ikamakokedwa, popeza phokoso limafalikira mwachangu kudzera mu helium kuposa mpweya. Ndiwopepuka kuposa mpweya, chifukwa chake nthawi zonse imakwera, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kudzaza mabuloni okongoletsera.
Chigawo (Ar). Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu makampani kupanga zinthu zotakasika kwambiri, zogwira ntchito ngati insulator kapena inhibitor. Monga neon ndi helium, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupeza mitundu ina ya lasers komanso pamakampani a laser. otsogolera.
Kryptoni (Kr). Ngakhale kuti ndi mpweya wopanda mphamvu, pali zomwe zimadziwika ndi fluorine komanso pakupanga ma clathrate ndi madzi ndi zina zinthu, popeza ili ndi phindu lina lamagetsi. Ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimapangidwa panthawi yochotsa atomu uranium, kotero pali isotopu zisanu ndi chimodzi zokhazikika komanso khumi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri za radioactive.
Mpweya (Ne). Zochulukanso kwambiri m'chilengedwe chodziwika, ndicho chinthu chomwe chimapereka mawonekedwe ofiira mounikira nyali za fulorosenti. Inagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuunikira kwa chubu cha neon ndichifukwa chake idapatsa dzina lake (ngakhale kuti mipweya yosiyana imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamitundu ina). Imeneyi ndi gawo la mpweya womwe umapezeka m'machubu za kanema wawayilesi.
Xenon (Xe). Gasi wolemera kwambiri, wopezeka kokha popezeka padziko lapansi, anali mpweya wabwino woyamba kupangidwa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nyali ndi zowunikira (monga makanema kapena nyali zamagalimoto), komanso ma lasers ena, komanso ngati mankhwala oletsa kupweteka, monga krypton.
Radon (Rn). Zogulitsa zakufa kwa zinthu monga Radium kapena Actinium (pamenepo zimadziwika kuti Actinon), ndi mpweya wa radioactive, womwe umakhala wolimba kwambiri womwe uli ndi theka la masiku 3.8 usanakhale Polonium. Ndi chinthu chowopsa ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kumakhala kochepa chifukwa kumakhala koopsa kwambiri.
Oganeson (Og). Amadziwikanso kuti eka-radon, ununoctium (Uuo) kapena element 118: mayina osakhalitsa a tranactinid element yotchedwa Oganeson. Izi ndizowononga kwambiri ma radio, motero kafukufuku wake waposachedwa wakakamizidwa kukhala malingaliro olingalira, pomwe amakayikiridwa kuti ndi mpweya wabwino, ngakhale ali mgulu la 18 la tebulo la periodic. Inapezeka mu 2002.
- Zitsanzo za Gaseous State
- Zitsanzo za Chemical Elements
- Zitsanzo za Kusakaniza kwa Gasi
