Kutha

Zamkati

• Zitsanzo zakutha
• Njira zina zolekanitsa zosakaniza

Pulogalamu ya kuchotsa ndi njira yakuthupi yomwe yolimba kapena madzi amalekanitsidwa amapatsidwa yokulirapo kachulukidweKumbali ina, kukhala ndi kachulukidwe kotsika kumakhala gawo lakumtunda kwa osakanikirana osakaniza.

Ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'ma laboratories ndi mafakitale osiyanasiyana, ndipo sayenera kusokonezedwa ndi matope, komwe ndiko kupatukana kwa zinyalala zolimba poyimitsidwa ndi mphamvu yokoka munthawiyo.

Kwa fayilo ya kuchotsa, chisakanizocho chiyenera kukhazikika nthawi yayitali kuti denser ikatsike ndipo imatha kutulutsidwa kudzera mu faneli.

Pali njira ziwiri zomwe zingachitikire, kutengera momwe zinthu ziliri:

• Kutaya kwamadzi olimba
• Kutaya kwamadzimadzi

Onaninso: Zitsanzo zosakanikirana zofananira komanso zosakanikirana

Zitsanzo zakutha

1. Chithandizo cha zimbudzi. Madzi akuda nthawi zambiri amakhala owopsa kuposa oyera, chifukwa amakhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi zinthu zina zoyimitsidwa, chifukwa chake ndizotheka kuchita zosefera koyamba kudzera munjira zotsalira.
2. Kupatukana kwamafuta ndi madzi. Muzinthu zopangira mafuta, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofunikira kuthamangitsa ku lipids osiyana madzi kapena mankhwala olimba a kuphwanya. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika kudzera mu faneli yolekanitsa.
3. Kupatukana kwa Biodiesel ndi glycerin. Popeza kuti izi zimachitika chifukwa chopeza mafuta kuchokera ku masamba kapena mafuta amafuta ndi mafuta, njira yothetsera mavuto nthawi zambiri imafunikira kuti iwalekanitse, popeza glycerin ndiwolimba kwambiri.
4. Kuyeretsa madzi. M'makampani azakudya, madzi nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kuti amwe ndikudumphadumpha, komwe kumalola kuti dothi ndi zinthu zoimitsidwa zomwe zingakhudze kukonzekera chakudya.
5. Kuthetsa vinyo. Pofuna kusiyanitsa zakumwa zotsalira zomwe mwina zidapangidwa mu botolo, akatswiri amalimbikitsa njira yothanirana, yomwe imalola kuti dothi lituluke ndipo, potero, limapatsa vinyo mpweya. Izi zimachitika mu vinyo wokhalitsa.
6. Kukonzekera kwa pozol waku Mexico. Popanga izi chakumwa choledzeretsa chimanga ndi koko, chisakanizo chophika kale nthawi zambiri chimasankhidwa kuti chisiyanitse zotsalira zakumwa zotere.
7. Kupeza mipesa. Pakukonza vinyo wosasa wopangidwa ndi chomera, kuchotsa tinthu nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kusiyanitsa ndi mafuta olemera omwe amapezeka munthawi ya viniga. zopangira.
8. Kuyenga mafuta. Panthawi yonse yoyenga mafuta, zosiyanasiyana mitundu ya ma hydrocarboni Zothandiza, zonse monga gasi ndi madzi, ndipo izi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi zina zonse chifukwa cha kuchotsedwa, kulola kuti zopepuka kwambiri zizichotsedwa ndipo mankhwala ozizira kwambiri apitilize kukonzedwa.
9. Kutulutsa mafuta panyanja. Zilinso choncho, potulutsa mafuta kuchokera kunyanja, kuchokera kusakaniza ya hydrocarbon yokhala ndi madzi am'nyanja, mkhalidwe womwe umathetsedweratu ndikuchotsa kwa hydrocarbon, wokulirapo kuposa madzi. Yoyamba imasungidwa ndipo yachiwiri imabwezedwa kunyanja.
10. Pokonzekera msuzi. Kukongoletsa nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kulekanitsa zinthu ndi ena pokonzekera zophikira, makamaka kutulutsa mafuta ndi ena zamadzimadzi zosafunika pamayankho ena othandiza, monga msuzi.
11. Kupanga msuzi. Mwachitsanzo, msuzi wa tamarind kapena zipatso zina zopangira ulusi, momwe madzi amasiyanitsidwa ndi zamkati kapena zamkati mwamphamvu kuchokera ku ulusi, pogwiritsa ntchito njira yosavuta yothanirana ndi matope.
12. Phulusa mu kuphulika kwa phiri. Ngakhale phulusa ndilopepuka kwambiri ndipo limayimitsidwa kwakanthawi mlengalenga, pang'ono ndi pang'ono mphamvu yokoka ndi kachulukidwe kake kamawapangitsa kukhazikika, kusiya mpweya ukhalanso woyera.
13. Sambani musanagwiritse ntchito. Zogulitsa zambiri zimakhala ndi malingaliro awa pazonyamula zawo: ndichifukwa chakuti nthawi yoyimilira yakwanitsa kusiyanitsa zigawo zake ndi kachulukidwe (kapena sedimentation), ndipo kungogwedeza komweko kumatha kuyambiranso kufanana kwake.
14. Kubwezeretsa kwa Mercury pakuwonongeka kwa aquifer. Ngozi kapena zochitika zambiri (monga migodi yosaloledwa) zimatha kutulutsa mercury m'madzi kuchokera mitsinje ndi nyanja, zopanga zambiri kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe. Zikatero, kuchotsa pansi kumatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutulutsa mercury kuchokera kumagawo amadzi ndikuyesera kuti iwononge kuwonongeka.
15. Zonona zamkaka. Mwa kutayika kwachilengedwe, mkaka wopuma umasiyanitsa zonona kapena zotsekemera (zamadzimadzi), chinthu chachikasu komanso chowundana, kuchokera mkaka wonse, mpaka kutha kuchotsedwa pamakanika.

Njira zina zolekanitsa zosakaniza

• Zitsanzo za Crystallization
• Zitsanzo za distillation
• Zitsanzo Zokongoletsa
• Zitsanzo za Centrifugation
• Zitsanzo za Kutengera