Zitsanzo za 10 za mpweya wa Inert - Encyclopedia

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Zitsanzo za mpweya wopanda mphamvu

Pulogalamu yampweya inert Ndi zinthu kapena zinthu zomwe zimangowonetsa pang'ono kapena osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala mwazinthu zina zapanikizika ndi kutentha. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani monga otchinjiriza kapena zoletsa, zabwino kukhala nazo zochita mukufuna kuwongolera ndikuletsa kufalikira kwake kapena mayendedwe ake.

Mpweya wodziwika bwino kwambiri umatchedwa Mpweya wabwino, monatomic mankhwala omwe ali otsika kapena opanda reactivity: Helium, Argon, Neon, Krypton, Xenon, Radon ndi Onganesson. Ngakhale mawuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosinthana, si ofanana kwenikweni, chifukwa mpweya wabwino wonse ndi wothira, koma si mpweya wonse wambiri womwe umakhala wabwino: mankhwala ena ali ndi mphamvu yotsika yomwe imawalola kuti nawonso azisewera chimodzimodzi.

Zitsanzo za mpweya wopanda mphamvu

Helium (Iye). Chinthu chachiwiri chambiri kwambiri m'chilengedwe chonse, chopangidwa munjira zomwe nyukiliya imachita pakusakanikirana ndi haidrojeni. Imadziwika bwino chifukwa chazosintha mawu amunthu ikamakokedwa, chifukwa mawu amayenda mwachangu kwambiri kudzera mu helium kuposa mpweya. Ndiwopepuka kuposa mpweya, chifukwa chake nthawi zonse imakwera, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kudzaza mabuloni okongoletsera.
Mavitamini (N). Ndi mpweya wocheperako pang'ono ndipo umapezeka mumlengalenga, womwe umangoyaka kokha kutentha kwambiri ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakupanga mafakitole oteteza kapena ngati mpweya wa cryonic (kuzizira). Ndi gasi wotsika mtengo komanso wosavuta yemwe amakhala ndi 3% yamalamulo amthupi la munthu mumapangidwe osiyanasiyana.
Mpweya woipa (CO₂). Pogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinthu chosowa poyatsira komanso pozimitsa moto, mpweyawu ndi wofunikira kwambiri pamoyo komanso wochuluka padziko lapansi, chifukwa umapumira. Ndi mpweya wochepa kwambiri womwe umagwiranso ntchito, womwe umagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati mpweya wopanikizika mu zida zankhondo zopanikizika ndipo, mwa mawonekedwe ake olimba, ngati ayezi wouma.
Haidrojeni (H). Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri pamoyo ndi kukhalapo, ndi mpweya wopanda mphamvu munthawi zodziwika bwino komanso chinthu chofala kwambiri m'chilengedwe chonse. Komabe, kuchepa mphamvu yamagetsi kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yothandiza kwambiri.
Chigawo (Ar). Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakampani kuthana ndi zinthu zotakasika kwambiri, zogwira ntchito ngati zotetezera kapena zoletsa. Monga neon ndi helium, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupeza mitundu ina ya lasers komanso pamakampani a laser. otsogolera.
Mpweya (Ne). Zochulukanso kwambiri m'chilengedwe chodziwika, ndicho chinthu chomwe chimapereka mawonekedwe ofiira mounikira nyali za fulorosenti. Inagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuunikira kwa chubu cha neon ndichifukwa chake idapatsa dzina lake (ngakhale kuti mipweya yosiyana imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamitundu ina).
Kryptoni (Kr). Ngakhale kuti ndi mpweya wopanda mphamvu, umadziwika kuti umagwira ndi fluorine ndi zinthu zina, chifukwa uli ndi phindu lamagetsi. Ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimapangidwa panthawi yochotsa atomu uranium, motero ili ndi isotopu zisanu ndi chimodzi zokhazikika komanso khumi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri.
Xenon (Xe). Gasi lolemera kwambiri, logwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nyali ndi zowunikira (monga makanema kapena magetsi oyendetsa galimoto), komanso ma lasers ena komanso mankhwala oletsa kumva kuwawa, monga krypton.
Radon (Rn). Zogulitsa zakufa kwa zinthu monga Radium kapena Actinium (Actinon), ndi mpweya wopanda mphamvu koma wa radioactive, mtundu wokhazikika kwambiri womwe uli ndi theka la masiku 3.8 asanakhale Polonium. Ndi chinthu chowopsa ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale kumakhala kochepa chifukwa kumakhala koopsa kwambiri.
Oganeson (Og). Amadziwikanso kuti eka-radon, ununoctium (Uuo) kapena element 118: mayina osakhalitsa a tranactinid element yotchedwa Oganeson. Izi ndizowononga kwambiri ma radio, chifukwa chake kafukufuku wake waposachedwa wakakamizidwa kuzopeka zongopeka, zomwe amakayikira kuti ndi mpweya wopanda mphamvu.