Mphamvu zamagetsi

Zamkati

• Kusiyana kwamphamvu zamagetsi ndi mphamvu zomwe zingatheke
• Njira zowerengera mphamvu zamagetsi
• Zochita zamagetsi zamagetsi
• Zitsanzo zamagetsi
• Mitundu ina yamphamvu

Pulogalamu ya Mphamvu zamagetsi Ndicho chomwe thupi limapeza chifukwa cha kuyenda kwake ndipo limafotokozedwa ngati kuchuluka kwa ntchito yofunikira kuti lifulumizitse thupi kupumula komanso misa yoperekedwa mwachangu.

Anati mphamvu Imapezedwa kudzera pachithamangitsiro, pambuyo pake chinthucho chimasunga chimodzimodzi mpaka liwiro limasinthasintha (kufulumizitsa kapena kuchepetsako) kotero, kuti tileke, zimatenga ntchito yolakwika yofanana ndi mphamvu zake zopezera mphamvu. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yayitali pomwe mphamvu yoyamba imagwira thupi loyenda, liwiro lofika kwambiri komanso mphamvu zowonjezera zomwe zimapezeka.

Kusiyana kwamphamvu zamagetsi ndi mphamvu zomwe zingatheke

Mphamvu zakuthupi, pamodzi ndi mphamvu zomwe zingatheke, zimawonjezera mphamvu yonse yamagetsi (E_m = E_c + E_p). Njira ziwirizi za mphamvu zamagetsi, kinetics ndi kuthekera, amadziwika chifukwa chomalizirachi ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yolumikizidwa ndi malo okhala ndi chinthu chopuma ndipo itha kukhala yamitundu itatu:

• Mphamvu yokoka. Zimatengera kutalika kwa zinthuzo ndi kukopa komwe mphamvu yokoka imakhala nayo.
• Mphamvu zotanuka. Ndi yomwe imachitika pamene chinthu chotanuka chikubwezeretsanso mawonekedwe ake, ngati kasupe akawonongeka.
• Mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi. Ndi yomwe ili m'ntchito yomwe imagwiridwa ndi magetsi, magetsi akamayendetsa mkati mwake amayenda kuchoka pamunda kupita kwina.

Onaninso: Zitsanzo za Mphamvu Zotheka

Njira zowerengera mphamvu zamagetsi

Mphamvu yamagetsi imayimiriridwa ndi chizindikiro E_c (nthawi zina komanso E_– kapena E.₊ kapena ngakhale T kapena K) ndi njira yake yowerengera ndi NDI_c = ½. m. v²komwe m imayimira misa (mu Kg) ndipo v imayimira velocity (mu m / s). Muyeso wa mphamvu zamagetsi ndi Joules (J): 1 J = 1 kg. m²/ s².

Popeza dongosolo la Cartesian limagwirira ntchito, njira yowerengera mphamvu zamagetsi izikhala ndi mawonekedwe awa: NDI_c= ½. mamita (ẋ² + ẏ² + ¿²)

Mitunduyi imasiyanasiyana pamakina ogwirizana komanso makina a quantum.

Zochita zamagetsi zamagetsi

1. Galimoto ya 860kg imayenda pa 50 km / h. Kodi mphamvu zake zimakhala zotani?

Choyamba timasintha 50 km / h kukhala m / s = 13.9 m / s ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira yowerengera:

NDI_c = ½. 860 makilogalamu. (13.9 m / s)² = 83,000 J.

1. Mwala wokhala ndi makilogalamu 1500 Kg umatsikira kutsetsereka ndikupeza mphamvu zakuthambo za 675000 J. Mwalawo ukuyenda liwiro lanji?

Popeza Ec = ½. m .v² tili ndi 675000 J = ½. Makilogalamu 1500. v², ndipo pothetsa zosadziwika, tiyenera v² = 675000 J. 2/1500 Kg. 1, komwe v² = 1350000 J / 1500 Kg = 900 m / s, ndipo pomaliza: v = 30 m / s mutatha kuthetsa muzu waukulu wa 900.

Zitsanzo zamagetsi

1. Mwamuna pa skateboard. Skateboarder pa konkriteri U amakhala ndi mphamvu zonse (zikaima kumapeto kwake kwakanthawi) ndi mphamvu zamagetsi (zikayambiranso kuyenda kwakumtunda). Skateboarder wokhala ndi thupi lalikulu amakhala ndi mphamvu zamagetsi, komanso amene skateboard imamulola kuti apite kuthamanga kwambiri.
2. Miphika ya porcelain yomwe imagwa. Pamene mphamvu yokoka imagwira pamphika wokhotakhota wopangidwa mwangozi, mphamvu yamphamvu imakula mthupi lanu ikatsika ndikumatulutsidwa ikamenyera pansi. Ntchito yoyamba yopangidwa ndi chopunthwitsa imathandizira thupi kuswa mawonekedwe ake ofanana ndipo zina zonse zimachitika ndi mphamvu yokoka ya Dziko Lapansi.
3. Mpira woponyedwa. Mwa kusindikiza mphamvu yathu pa mpira tikupuma, timayithamangitsa mokwanira kuti iziyenda mtunda pakati pathu ndi wosewera naye, potero timapatsa mphamvu zowoneka kuti, tikamayendetsa, mnzathu akuyenera kuthana ndi ntchito yofanana kapena yayikulu kukula.ndiyeno kuyimitsa mayendedwe. Ngati mpirawo ndi wokulirapo pamatenga ntchito yambiri kuti uimitsidwe kuposa ngati yaying'ono.
4. Mwala paphiri. Tiyerekeze kuti taponya mwala m'mbali mwa phiri. Ntchito yomwe timagwira poyikakamiza iyenera kukhala yayikulu kuposa mphamvu ya mwalawo komanso kukopa kwa mphamvu yake, apo ayi sitingathe kuyikweza kapena, kutipweteka kwambiri. Ngati, monga Sisyphus, mwalawo umatsikira kutsidya lina kutsidya, udzatulutsa mphamvu zake kukhala zamagetsi pamene ugwera pansi. Mphamvu yoyendayi idzadalira kukula kwa mwalawo komanso kuthamanga komwe umapeza ikagwa.
5. Ngolo yoyenda mosakhazikika Imapeza mphamvu zamagetsi ikamagwera ndikuwonjezera liwiro lake. Posakhalitsa isanayambike kutsika, ngoloyo idzakhala ndi mphamvu osati mphamvu zamagetsi; Koma gululi likangoyambika, mphamvu zonse zomwe zimakhala zotheka zimakhala zowoneka bwino ndikufika kumapeto kwake kugwa kumatha ndikukwera kwatsopano kukuyamba. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, mphamvuzi zidzakhala zazikulu ngati ngolo ili yodzaza ndi anthu kuposa ngati ilibe (izikhala ndi misa yayikulu).

Mitundu ina yamphamvu