Mlembi:
Peter Berry
Tsiku La Chilengedwe:
12 Kulayi 2021
Sinthani Tsiku:
7 Meyi 2024
Zamkati
- Nthawi zosavuta
- Nthawi zophatikizana
- Zitsanzo za zenizeni zenizeni m'mbuyomu
- Zitsanzo za zenizeni m'mbuyomu zopanda ungwiro
- Zitsanzo za ziganizo ndi zenizeni m'mbuyomu
Pulogalamu ya Nthawi yapitayi, kapena zenizeni munthawi yapita, Kodi matchulidwe amenewa amapezeka munthawi isanafike pano. Mwachitsanzo: anagwa, iwe wapita, ife tinali.
Nthawi zam'mbuyomu nthawi zonse zimalumikizidwa ndi mfundo pamndandanda usanalankhulidwe. M'Chisipanishi, mosakayikira nyengo yapitayi ndi yomwe imapereka njira zowonekera kwambiri.
Mawu omasuliridwa m'nthawi yapitayi amapezeka momwe amawonetsera komanso modzipereka, okhala ndi mitundu isanu yoyamba ndi itatu mwachiwiri, pakati pa mitundu yosavuta ndi yaying'ono.
Onaninso: Vesi pakadali pano, Vesi mtsogolo
Nthawi zosavuta
Mavesi osavuta amapangidwa ndi mawu amodzi osonyeza kuchitapo kanthu.
- Zosavuta kale. Limatanthauza chinthu chapadera komanso chomaliza kuyambira kale, popanda kulumikizana ndi pano. Mwachitsanzo: Ndinalankhula, Inu munayankhula, iwo analankhula, ife tinalankhula, iwo analankhula.
- Zopanda ungwiro zakale. Amatchedwanso copreterite, imawonetsa zochita kapena zizolowezi zakale m'mbuyomu. Mwachitsanzo: Ndimakonda, ndimakonda, ndimakonda, ndimakonda.
Nthawi zophatikizana
Zakale zapitazo zimakhala ndi mawu awiri: vesi have (conjugated) + participle.
- Preterite wangwiro pawiri. Zimatanthawuza za zomwe zidachitika m'mbuyomu koma zolumikizidwa mpaka pano, zomwe zikugwirabe ntchito. Amakhala ndi: conjugation wa mneni wothandiza kukhala + kutenga mbali kwa mneni waukulu. Mwachitsanzo: Ndakhala ndikuimba orchestra chaka chatha.
- Zakale zangwiro. Imapereka akaunti yazakale zam'mbuyomu mpaka kale lina. Amapangidwa ndi: verebu kukhala m'mbuyomu opanda ungwiro + kutenga nawo mbali kwa verebu lothandizira. Mwachitsanzo. Ndinathamanga kwa theka la ola, pomwe ndimafuna kuyima.
- Zakale zangwiro. Zimatanthawuza zochitika zomwe zoyambirira ziyenera kuti zidamalizidwa kuti zotsatira zichitike. Ndi njira yodziwonetsera yokha kawirikawiri pakulankhula kwanu. Amapangidwa ndi: verebu kukhala m'mbuyomu zosavuta zophweka + kutenga nawo gawo kwa verebu lothandizira. Mwachitsanzo:Atatseka chitseko, chete kunalowa mchipinda.
Zitsanzo za zenizeni zenizeni m'mbuyomu
Zowopsya | Kusisitsa | Ndasamba | Ndidakonza |
Ndatsitsa | Ndinathamangitsa | Kusokonezedwa | Anagwedezeka |
Ndinasesa | Ndagunda | Yang'anani | Opepuka |
Ate | Ndinalankhula | Ndinanyamuka | Ndinagwira |
Kutulutsa | Ndinapanga | Ndagunda | Zovala |
Mumakonda | Inu mwatsindika | Mwawerenga | Mwataya |
Kukoka | Munalimbana | Mumatafuna | Mudasamala |
Munamenya | Munali | Mwapha | Kodi mumamva |
Mwafufuza | Kodi | Mumagaya | Mwapita |
Kodi mudadya chakudya cham'mawa | Mumapweteka | Mudasuntha | Munabwerako |
Ndinavina | Zoyendetsedwa | Mphezi | Anachita nawo |
Mtsinje | Zojambula | Werengani | Anawonongedwa |
Ndimakweza | Zinali | Zilipo | Kujambula |
Phiri | Wobadwa | Wapambana | Anapeza |
Msuzi | kubwezera | Yatsegulidwa | Kufuula |
Timagwira | Timalamulira | Timasewera | Tikulamulira |
Timawopseza | Tinathamanga | Timalira | Timakonza |
Timasonkhana | Timagwetsa | Tinapitirizabe | Timafewa |
Timapsompsona | Timagunda | Timalemba | Tikupempha |
tinayimba | Timakonda | Tinabwerera | Timatenga |
Iwo adawamasula | Zapangidwa | Kusisitsa | Zitha |
Ogwidwa | Iwo anakhulupirira | Ovulala | Anachotsa |
Iwo analapa | Iwo ankadzudzula | Adakuwa | Zidachitidwa |
Iwo anayenda | Kuwonongedwa | Iwo anatemberera | Iwo ankanena |
Iwo anavomereza | Iwo analemba | Zokonzedwa | Iwo amadziwa |
Zitsanzo za zenizeni m'mbuyomu zopanda ungwiro
Zowopsya | Kusisitsa | Kusambitsidwa | Kukonzedwa |
Kutsika | Kuthamangitsidwa | Kusokonezedwa | Anagwedezeka |
Kusesa | Kumenya | Zikuwoneka | Opepuka |
Ndinkakonda kudya | Anayankhula | Kuyenda | Idasewera |
Kutulutsa | Chakumapeto | Ikani | Zobweretsedwa |
Mumakonda | Mudatsindika | Mwawerenga | Mwataya |
Mudakoka | Munalimbana | Mumatafuna | Mudasamala |
Munamenya | Mumapita | Mwapha | Munamva |
Mukufuna | Kodi | Molias | Mwapita |
Mudadya chakudya cham'mawa | Mumapweteka | Mudasuntha | Munabwerako |
Kuvina | Zoyendetsedwa | Kukanda | Nawo |
Anaseka | Zojambula | Werengani | Anawonongedwa |
Adakweza | Ndimapita | Zilipo | Drew |
Kutseka | Anabadwa | Gabana | Zapezeka |
Idasewera | Kubwezedwa | Yatsegulidwa | Anakuwa |
Tinagwira | Tinajambula | Tidasewera | Tidalamulira |
Tinaopseza | Tinathamanga | Tinalira | Tinakonza |
Tidali ndi zida | Tinagwetsa | Tinagwira | Tidayenda bwino |
Tinapsompsona | Timagunda | Tinalemba | Tinapempha |
Tinayimba | Tinkakonda | Tinabwerera | Tinkamwa |
Iwo amachotsa | Iwo adalenga | Kusisitsa | Zitha |
Ogwidwa | Iwo anakhulupirira | Adanyoza | Iwo adapita |
Iwo anamva chisoni | Iwo ankadzudzula | Adakuwa | Yachitidwa |
Iwo anayenda | Iwo anawononga | Iwo anatemberera | Iwo ankanena |
Iwo anavomereza | Anali kulemba | Adawakonzera | Iwo amadziwa |
Zitsanzo za ziganizo ndi zenizeni m'mbuyomu
- Ndayendera 500 km lero.
- Iwo anali nawo kuti muziigwiritsa ntchito mwachangu.
- Anachoka osatiuza chilichonse.
- Iwo anayamba mvula yomwe iwo anali atalengeza.
- Tikhoza kukhala pewani kukwiya.
- Mwapereka moni Maboma akundende ndi maboma.
- Kodi Chilichonse chomwe iye anali pomwe mungathe.
- Zaphulika chilimwe pagombe la Brazil.
- Iwo anafika popanda chenjezo.
- Ndimayesa awatsimikizireni kuti asafulumire kugulitsa.
- Osa Ndikanapeza panthawi imeneyo.
- Zagwirizana siyani kuonana kwakanthawi.
- Anati kuti inu simutero zinali zofunika.
- Iye anali moyo tsiku, ayi zasungidwa ma peso ochepa.
- Ndakhala ndikuganiza zomwe munandiuza sabata yonseyi.
- Osati ine chidwi tsatirani zokambiranazo.
- Pamene iye anawonekera, ayi tithakukhulupirira.
- ¿Ankafunika tsiku lathunthu?
- Tidakonza kudzationa mawa lake.
- Tidali pafupi kuyambitsa galimoto liti Tinalandira nkhani.
- Nawoa mpikisanowo anthu makumi anayi.
- Ndayendera ophika buledi ndi zophika buledi osati ayiNdili nawo keke ija.
- Iwo anamvetsa kutianali nthawi yotuluka m'chipindacho.
- Iwo anali atayamba kale nthawi yozizira yopuma osatitinadziwa Indetinavomereza.
- Moni kwa abwenzi ndi ineNdinali.
- Pomwe Fermínanali atalandira kalatayoAnachoka potengera zolinga zenizeni.
- Anachokakukuwa mosimidwa.
- Sititeroanapereka osati mipira isanu.
- Tinakuwa kotero kuti ifeadzamvera, kuchuluka kwa nyimboanali wamisala.
- Tiyimunasewera ngakhale zomwe ayimunali nawo pa kasino!
- Ineamakonda kundigulire rekodi pamwezi.
- Ayipanali njira yomukhazika mtima pansi.
- Ifeiwo anayamikaza bwino bwanjitinayimbausiku wapita.
- Tasankha panganinso mgwirizano.
- MalingaliroayiMutha bwera.
- Wakubaprowlednthawi zonse kuzungulira.
- Takambirana kale kwa maola ambiri ndipo sindikudziwaiwo anayika kuvomereza.
- Zapitilira zizindikilo zonse.
- Ifeanapereka sabata imodzi yowonjezera.
- Iye anali moyo mantha; osati mwanjira imeneyoakhoza.
- Ndinakumana kwa abwana anga amtsogolo.
- Tinkadziwa njira komanso ifenso tataya.
- Koma kuchokera chifukwa cha iye, sindikanakumana nanu.
- Ndakhala gawo la kalabu moyo wanga wonse.
- Munali pangani zisankho zofunika kwambiri.
- Tidali wotsimikiza kuti mupambana mpikisanowo.
- Anali zaka zovuta kwambiri.
- Khrisimasi iliyonse ife tinabwerera kupeza.
- ¿Kodi mumadziwa ngozi yomwe Clara adachita?
- Iwo anali atalengeza zotsatira zake dzulo.