Ufumu wa Zinyama

Zamkati

• Kodi maufumu ndi chiyani?
• Makhalidwe a Animal Kingdom
• Zitsanzo za Animal Kingdom
• Kugawidwa kwa Kingdom Animal

Kuti muphunzire zachilengedwe, mitundu ingapo yama taxonomic imagwiritsidwa ntchito yomwe imagawa zamoyo m'magulu. Iliyonse ya maguluwa imagawa zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana.

Magulu azikhalidwe zamisonkho ndi awa (kuyambira ambiri mpaka makamaka):

Mzinda - Ufumu - Phylum kapena magawano - Kalasi - Dongosolo - Banja - Gulu - Mitundu

Izi zikutanthauza kuti maufumuwo ndi zigawo zazing'ono kwambiri.

Kodi maufumu ndi chiyani?

• Zanyama Zamoyo zomwe zimatha kusuntha, popanda chloroplast kapena khoma lamaselo, ndi kukula kwa mazira. Ndiwo majeremusi a eukaryotic.
• Plantae: Zamoyo za photosynthetic, zopanda kutha kusuntha, zokhala ndi makoma am'manja omwe amakhala ndi mapadi. Ndiwo majeremusi a eukaryotic.
• Bowa: Zinyama zokhala ndi makoma amaselo zimapangidwa ndi chitin. Ndiwo majeremusi a eukaryotic.
• Protista: Zamoyo zonse za eukaryotic zomwe sizingakwaniritse zomwe zingawalole kuti zigawikidwe m'maufumu atatu am'mbuyomu. Maselo a eukaryotic ndi omwe amakhala ndi phata losiyana ndi selo yonse.
• Monera: Prokaryotic, ndiye kuti, omwe maselo awo alibe gawo losiyanitsidwa.

Onaninso: Zitsanzo za 50 kuchokera mu Ufumu uliwonse

Makhalidwe a Animal Kingdom

Nyama (Zanyama) amagwirizanitsa zamoyo zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakwaniritsa mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana:

• Maselo a eukaryotic: Phata la maselowa limasiyanitsidwa ndi chotupa ndi khungu. Mwanjira ina, zambiri zamtunduwu zimasiyanitsidwa ndi cytoplasm.
• Ma heterotrophs: Amadya zinthu zakuthupi zochokera kuzinthu zina zamoyo.
• Zosiyanasiyana: Ndi omwe amapangidwa ndi maselo awiri kapena kupitilira apo. Nyama zonse zimapangidwa ndimaselo mamiliyoni ambiri.
• Minofu: M'zinyama, maselo amapangidwa mwadongosolo lotchedwa ma munyama. Mwa iwo, maselo onse ndi ofanana ndipo amagawidwa pafupipafupi. Khalidwe lawo limagwirizana. Maselo a minofu amakhala ndi chiyambi chomwecho cha mluza.
• Kutha kuyenda: Mosiyana ndi zamoyo zina (monga zomera kapena bowa), nyama zimakhala ndi matupi awo omwe amalola kuti ziziyenda.
• Makoma am'manja opanda chloroplast: Ndi chinthu chomwe chimalola kuti zomera zizichita photosynthesis. Popeza nyama zilibe chloroplast, zimayenera kudyetsa zamoyo zina (heterotrophs)
• Kukula kwa mluza: Kuchokera ku zygote imodzi (khungu lomwe limabwera chifukwa cha mgwirizano wamphongo wamwamuna ndi wamkazi), kukula kwa mazira kumayamba kuchulukana kwa maselo mpaka thupi lonse litapangidwa, ndikuchuluka kwake kwa maselo osiyana, ziphuphu, ziwalo ndi machitidwe.

Onaninso:

• Kodi Autotrophic ndi Heterotrophic Organic ndi chiyani?

Zitsanzo za Animal Kingdom

1. Munthu wokhalapo (Homo Sapiens): Phylum: chordate. Subphylum. Vertebrate. Maphunziro: nyama. Dongosolo: Primate.
2. Nyerere (Formicidae): Phylum: nyamakazi. Subphylum: Hexapod. Kalasi: tizilombo. Dongosolo: hymenopteran.
3. Eoperipatus totoro: phylum: nyongolotsi ya velvety. Kalasi: udeonychopohora. Dongosolo: Euonychophora. Banja la Peripatidae.
4. Njuchi (anthophila). Phylum: nyamakazi. Kalasi: tizilombo. Dongosolo: hymenopteran.
5. Mphaka woweta (Felis silvestris catus). Mphepete: cordate. Subphylum: vertebrate. Maphunziro: nyama. Dongosolo: carnivore. Banja. Feline.
6. Njovu (elephantidae): Phylum: chordate. Subphylum: vertebrate. Maphunziro: Mammal. Dongosolo: proboscidean.
7. Ng'ona (crocodylidae): Phylum: chordate. Maphunziro: Sauropsido. Dongosolo: Crocodilia.
8. Gulugufe (lepidoptera): phylum: nyamakazi. Kalasi: tizilombo. Dongosolo: Lepidoptera.
9. Clam wachikasu (mactroid wachikasu desma). Phylum: mollusk. Kalasi: bivalve. Dongosolo: veneroid.
10. Salimoni (Salmo): Phylum: chordate. Subphylum: mawonekedwe. Dongosolo: salmoniformes.
11. Dolphin wam'nyanja (delphinidae). Mphepete: cordate. Maphunziro. Kutulutsa. Dongosolo: cetacean.
12. Nthiwatiwa (struthio ngamila). Mphepete: cordate. Kalasi: ave. Dongosolo: struthioniforme.
13. Mbalame: M'mphepete: cordate. Kalasi: Ave. Order: sphenisciforme.
14. Boa: kudula malire: Cordado. Maphunziro: sauropsid. Dongosolo: squamata.
15. Mleme (chiropter): m'mphepete: chordate. Maphunziro: nyama. Dongosolo: chiroptera.
16. Mphungu (lumbrícido): phylum: kuletsedwa. Kalasi: clitellata. Dongosolo: haplotaxida.

Itha kukutumikirani:

• Zitsanzo 100 za Nyama Zowonongeka
• Zitsanzo za 50 za nyama zopanda mafupa
• Kodi Viviparous Animals ndi chiyani?
• Zitsanzo za Nyama Zosasunthika

Kugawidwa kwa Kingdom Animal

Nyama nawonso imagawika m'magulu akulu otchedwa phyla:

• Acanthocephala (Acanthocephalus): nyongolotsi (zimapeza chakudya kuchokera kuzinyama zina). Ali ndi "mutu" wokhala ndi minga.
• Acoelomorpha (Acelomorphs): nyongolotsi zolimba (zolimba, zopanda zibowo) zomwe zilibe gawo logaya chakudya.
• Annelida (Annelids): nyongolotsi zophatikizika (zokhala ndi zibowo) zomwe zidagawika thupi kukhala mphete.
• Artropoda (arthropods): khalani ndi chitin exoskeleton (carapace kapena mawonekedwe ofanana) ndi miyendo yolumikizana
• Brachiopoda (Brachiopods): Ali ndi loptophore, chomwe ndi chiwalo chokhala ndi zovundikira chomwe chimazungulira pakamwa. Amakhalanso ndi chipolopolo chokhala ndi mavavu awiri.
• Bryozoa (Bryozoans): khalani ndi loptophore ndi anus kunja kwa korona wozungulira.
• Chordata (Chordate): Ali ndi phokoso lakumbuyo kapena msana, lotchedwanso notochord. Amatha kutaya pambuyo pa siteji ya mluza.
• Cnidaria (Cnidarians): nyama zopanga zolemba (kukula kwathunthu kwa mluza wopanda mesoderm) zomwe zimakhala ndi cnidoblasts (maselo omwe amateteza zinthu zoteteza)
• Ctenophora (Ctenophores) nyama zakale zokhala ndi ma coloblast (maselo kuti agwire chakudya)
• Cycliophora (Cyclophores): nyama zopangidwa ndi ma pseudocoelomed (nyama zomwe zimayambira pachiwonetsero chosakhala cha mesodermal) zokhala ndi pakamwa mozungulira mozunguliridwa ndi cilia (zowonjezera, zowoneka ngati tsitsi)
• Echinodermata (Echinoderms): nyama zokhala ndi "khungu laminga". Amakhala ndi ma pentarradiate symmetry (central symmetry) ndi mafupa akunja opangidwa ndi zidutswa za calcareous.
• Echiura (Equiuroideos): nyongolotsi zam'madzi zokhala ndi proboscis ndi "mchira waminga"
• Entoprocta (entoproctos): lophophores ndi anus ophatikizidwa ndi korona wamkati (anus wamkati)
• Mphatso (gastrotricos): nyama za pseudocoelomed, zokhala ndi ma spikes ndi machubu awiri omata a caudal.
• Gnathostomulida (gnatostomúlidos): nyama zokhala ndi nsagwada zomwe zimawasiyanitsa ndi nyama zina.
• Hemchordata (Hemichordates): nyama zonyansa (nyama zomwe zimakhala m'mimba mwa embryonic zimayamba kutuluka pakamwa), zokhala ndi pharyngeal slits ndi stomocord (mtundu wamtsempha wam'mimba momwe kulemera kwa thupi kumathandizidwa).
• Kinorhyncha (quinorhincs): nyama zopangidwa ndi ma pseudocoelomated okhala ndi mutu wobweza komanso thupi logawika.
• Loricifera (Lorociferous): nyama za pseudocoelomed zokutidwa ndi gawo loteteza.
• Micrognathozoa (micrognatozoa): pseudocoelomates yokhala ndi nsagwada zovuta komanso chifuwa chowonjezeka.
• Mollusca, PA (mollusks): nyama zofewa, pakamwa ndi radula ndikuphimbidwa ndi chipolopolo.
• Myxozoa (myxozoa) tiziromboti tating'onoting'ono. Ali ndi makapisozi apakale omwe amateteza zinthu zodzitchinjiriza.
• Nematoda (nematodes): nyongolotsi za pseudocoelomated zomwe zimakhala ndi chitin cuticle.
• Nematomorpha (nematomorphs) nyongolotsi zamtundu wofanana ndi nematode
• Nemerte (Nemerteans): nyongolotsi za cellophane (zopanda zibowo, thupi lolimba) zokhala ndi ma proboscis owonjezera.
• Onychophora (velvety worms): nyongolotsi ndi miyendo zomwe zimathera mu chitin misomali.
• Mankhwala (orthonrectidae): tiziromboti tokhala ndi cilia (zowonjezera ngati tsitsi)
• Phoronida (ma phoronids): nyongolotsi zooneka ngati chubu ndi matumbo ooneka ngati U.
• Placozoa (placozoans): nyama zokwawa
• Makhalidwe a Platyhelminthes (ziphuphu): nyongolotsi ndi cilia, popanda anus. Ambiri mwa iwo ndi tiziromboti.
• @Alirezatalischioriginal (pogonophos): Zinyama zooneka ngati chubu zokhala ndi mutu wobweza.
• Porifera (masiponji): parazoans (nyama zopanda minofu, mitsempha kapena ziwalo zamkati), zokhala ndi ma poresi mthupi, osafanana.
• Priapulida (priapulids): nyongolotsi za pseudocoelomated zokhala ndi proboscis yotambalala yozunguliridwa ndi papillae.
• Rhombozoa (rhombozoa): tiziromboti tokhala ndi maselo ochepa.
• Rotifera (rotifers): pseudocoelomates ndi korona wa cilia.
• Sipuncula (sipuncúlids) nyongolotsi zophatikizika zokhala ndi pakamwa mozungulira mozungulira.
• Tardigrada (zimbalangondo zamadzi): thunthu logawika, lokhala ndi miyendo isanu ndi itatu kapena makapu oyamwa.
• Xenacoelomorpha (xenoturbellids): nyongolotsi za deuterostomous ndi cilia.