Zitsanzo Zamalonda - Encyclopedia

Kanema: Kulengeza kwa Audi motsutsana ndi makampani anayi

Pulogalamu ya makampani ndi zochitika zachuma zomwe zimasinthira zopangira kukhala zogulitsa. Kuti izi zitheke, imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, anthu ogwira ntchito ndi makina enaake. Kuti mupeze zonsezi, the ndalama zamalonda komanso kupezeka kwa msika womwe umaloleza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zinthu zopangidwa.

Makampaniwa ndi a "Gawo lachiwiri”Za chuma, chomwe chimasiyana ndi gawo loyambilira, lomwe limatenga zopangira kuchokera kuzinthu zachilengedwe (zaulimi, ziweto, usodzi, migodi, ndi zina zambiri) komanso kuchokera kumabungwe apamwamba omwe amapereka ntchito. Komabe, magawo atatuwa ndi ofanana. Pakadali pano, zochitika zina zachuma zomwe zili mgawo lachitatu zimawerengedwanso kuti ndi mafakitale.

Onaninso: Zitsanzo za Katundu Wogula

M'zaka za zana la 18 ku England "Industrial Revolution" idayamba, kusintha kosiyanasiyana pakupanga komwe pang'onopang'ono kudasandutsa gawo lalikulu la mayiko padziko lapansi kukhala magulu azachuma. Gulu lazamalonda limadziwika ndikukula kwamizinda: kuchuluka kwa anthu m'mizinda. Iwo ali nthawi yomweyo malo opangira (mafakitale amakhala mkati kapena mozungulira iwo) ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito.

Kuphatikiza pa chitukuko cha mizinda komanso mawonekedwe a mafakitale, m'mafakitale timapeza bungwe ndi magawano ogwira ntchito omwe amalola kuwonjezeka kwa kupanga, kugwiritsa ntchito makina ndi mitundu ina yaukadaulo kuti isinthe kapena kuthandizira ntchito zamanja ndikupanga chikhalidwe gawo lomwe silinakhaleko m'magulu isanachitike Revolution Yachuma: omwe amalandila malipiro.

Kutengera ndiudindo wawo pakupanga, mafakitale amatha kukhala zofunikira, zida kapena ogula.

Makampani oyambira, monga dzina lawo limatanthawuzira, ndiwo maziko amakampani ena, popeza zomwe amapanga zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mitundu ina iwiri ya mafakitale.
Makampani azida ndi omwe amapanga makina omwe amakonzekeretsa mitundu itatu yamakampani.
Makampani ogulitsa amatenga zinthu zomwe zitha kudyedwa mwachindunji ndi anthu.

Kuphatikiza apo, mafakitale amatha kusiyanitsa pakati pa zolemera ndi zopepuka, kutengera kulemera kwa zopangira zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito. Magulu awiriwa amalumikizana. Pulogalamu ya mafakitale olemera nthawi zambiri amakhala oyambira komanso ogwirizana, pomwe makampani owala (amatchedwanso kusintha) amakhala ogula.