Neurotransmitters (ndi ntchito yawo)

Zamkati

• Zitsanzo za ma neurotransmitters

Pulogalamu ya manyuroni Ndiwo ma cell a minyewa, ndiye kuti, omwe amapanga ubongo ndi dongosolo lonse lamanjenje. Maselowa amalumikizana kudzera mwa iwo mankhwala mankhwala dzina ma neurotransmitters. Anapezeka mu 1921 ndi Otto Loewi.

Ma Neurotransmitters atha kukhala:

• Ma amino acid: ma molekyulu a organic wopangidwa ndi gulu la amino komanso gulu la carboxyl.
• Ma monoamines: mamolekyulu ochokera ku zonunkhira za amino acid.
• Mapuloteni: mamolekyulu opangidwa ndi mgwirizano wama amino acid angapo, kudzera pamalumikizidwe apadera otchedwa peptides.

Zitsanzo za ma neurotransmitters

1. Acetylcholine: imathandizira minofu, kudzera pama motor neurons, kukwaniritsa ntchito zosangalatsa kapena zoletsa. Imagwiranso ntchito muubongo, m'malo omwe amakhudzidwa ndi chidwi, kudzutsa, kuphunzira komanso kukumbukira.
2. Cholecystokinin: kutenga nawo mbali mu malamulo a mahomoni.
3. Dopamine (monoamine): zowongolera kuyenda modzifunira komanso imawongolera zosangalatsa. Imakwaniritsa ntchito zoletsa.
4. Enkephalins (neuropeptide): ntchito yake ndi yoletsa, yothandiza kuletsa kupweteka.
5. Endorphins (neuropeptide): imakhala ndi zotsatira zofananira ndi ma opiate: kuchepetsa kupweteka, kupsinjika ndi kuthandiza kupezanso bata. Nyama zina, zimawalola kuti zizizizira, chifukwa chakuchepa kwama metabolism, kupumira komanso kugunda kwa mtima.
6. Epinephrine (monoamine): ndi chochokera ku norepinephrine, imagwira ntchito ngati yosangalatsa, kuwongolera malingaliro ndi chidwi.

1. GABA (Gamma Aminobutyric Acid) (amino acid): magwiridwe ake ndi ochepetsa chifukwa amachepetsa zochitika za neuronal ndipo mwanjira imeneyi amapewa kukokomeza kwambiri chifukwa chake amachepetsa nkhawa.
2. Glutamate (amino acid): ntchito yake ndi yosangalatsa. Zimalumikizidwa ndi ntchito zophunzira komanso zokumbukira.
3. Wisteria (amino acid): ntchito yake ndi yopewera ndipo ndiyomwe imapezeka kwambiri mumtsempha wamtsempha.
4. Mbiri (monoamine): makamaka zosangalatsa, zogwirizana ndi malingaliro ndi kuwongolera kwa kutentha komanso kuchuluka kwa madzi.
5. Norepinephrine (monoamine): ntchito yake ndimasangalatsa, imawongolera zochitika komanso imadzutsa thupi komanso malingaliro. Kuchulukitsa kugunda kwa mtima ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi.
6. Serotonin (monoamine): ntchito yake ndi yoletsa, yolowererapo pamalingaliro, malingaliro ndi nkhawa. Amakhala nawo pakukhazikitsa tulo, kudzuka komanso kudya.

Itha kukutumikirani: Zitsanzo za Tizilombo Tating'onoting'ono