A kudziwa ndi gulu la chidziwitso cha gawo linalake la kafukufuku. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chidziwitso yomwe imagawika malinga ndi mutu kapena mutu womwe amachita nawo kapena kuphunzira. Mwachitsanzo: nzeru zafilosofi, chidziwitso chachipembedzo, chidziwitso cha sayansi.
Chidziwitsochi chimapezeka kudzera mu kuphunzira kapena zokumana nazo ndipo zitha kukhala zongopeka kapena zothandiza. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti adziwe ndikutanthauzira zenizeni, kuthetsa mavuto, kudziwa momwe machitidwe ndi machitidwe amagwirira ntchito.
- Chidziwitso chafilosofi
Chidziwitso chafilosofi chimaphatikizapo kudziwa ndi kuphunzira mafunso ena ofunikira monga kudziwa, chowonadi, chikhalidwe, kukhalapo kwa munthu.
Philosophy imagwiritsa ntchito chifukwa choyankha mafunso okhudza munthuyo kapena dziko lapansi. Mwachitsanzo: Tikupita kuti? Kodi cholinga cha moyo nchiyani? Chidziwitso chafilosofi chimagawika m'magulu angapo, monga machitidwe ndi metaphysics.
Amasiyanitsidwa ndi sayansi chifukwa sakhazikika pazowona, ndipo amasiyana ndi chidziwitso chachipembedzo chifukwa amagwiritsa ntchito kulingalira monga maziko ndipo amakhazikitsidwa ndi kuthekera kwa anthu kuwunikira.
- Chidziwitso cha sayansi
Chidziwitso cha sayansi chimapezeka podziwa ndi kufufuza zenizeni kudzera mu njira yasayansi, momwe amayesera kuwulula chifukwa chake zinthu ndi kusintha kwawo. Mwachitsanzo: Mu 1928, Alexander Fleming adapeza penicillin pomwe amaphunzira zikhalidwe za bakiteriya; Gregor Mendel adapeza malamulo a cholowa cha majini powerenga kuswana kwa mbewu zosiyanasiyana.
Kudzera mwa njira yasayansi, malingaliro amakwezedwa pazowona zomwe zimayesedwa kuti zitsimikizidwe mwamphamvu kudzera pakuwona, umboni komanso kuyesera. Pochita izi, mayankho ambiri kapena sangapezeke. Njira yasayansi iyenera kukhala yolunjika, yolunjika komanso yosamala. Kuti mufotokoze ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito chilankhulo cholondola komanso cholondola. Kudzera munjira imeneyi malamulo asayansi ndi malingaliro amapangidwa.
Zidziwitso zasayansi zitha kusankhidwa kukhala zamphamvu (zomwe ndizokhudzana ndi zenizeni) monga masayansi achilengedwe, sayansi yazachikhalidwe, fizikiki ndi biology; ndi zovomerezeka, zomwe ndizo masamu ndi malingaliro.
- Itha kukuthandizani: Masitepe a njira yasayansi
- Chidziwitso wamba
Chizolowezi chodziwika kapena chidziwitso chonyansa ndichachidziwitso chomwe chimadalira zomwe zimachitikira munthu aliyense. Amapezeka mwa zokha mwa anthu onse.
Popeza zimakhazikitsidwa ndi zomwe ndakumana nazo, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zodziwika bwino ndipo sizifunikira kutsimikiziridwa. Amadzazidwa ndi malingaliro, zizolowezi ndi zikhalidwe za munthu aliyense makamaka, kutengera chidziwitso ndi zokumana nazo zomwe amapeza m'moyo wawo watsiku ndi tsiku. Ndizodziwika bwino zomwe nthawi zambiri zimafalitsidwa kuchokera ku mibadwomibadwo. Mwachitsanzo:zamatsenga monga: "amphaka akuda amabweretsa tsoka".
- Itha kukuthandizani: Chidziwitso champhamvu
- Chidziwitso chamaluso
Chidziwitso chaumisiri chimakhazikika pakudziwa zochitika zinazake zomwe zimachitika ndi munthu m'modzi kapena angapo. Amalumikizidwa ndi chidziwitso cha sayansi. Chidziwitso chamtunduwu chimapezeka kudzera mu kuphunzira kapena chidziwitso ndipo chitha kufalikira kuchokera ku mibadwomibadwo. Mwachitsanzo: ndipoL ntchito lathe m'mafakitale; kukonza injini yamagalimoto.
- Chidziwitso chachipembedzo
Chidziwitso chachipembedzo ndi gulu la zikhulupiriro zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa pachikhulupiriro ndi ziphunzitso kuti mudziwe ndikufotokozera zina mwazowonadi. Chidziwitso ichi nthawi zambiri chimafalikira kuchokera ku mibadwomibadwo ndikupanga zikhulupiriro zomwe ndizomwe zimayambira zipembedzo zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo: Mulungu adalenga dziko lapansi m'masiku asanu ndi awiri; Torah ndi buku louziridwa ndi Mulungu. Kudziwa zachipembedzo nthawi zambiri kumakhazikika pazikhulupiriro zawo kuti kuli winawake wamkulu kapena mulungu.
Kudziwa izi sikutanthauza kutsimikizira mwanzeru kapena mwatsatanetsatane, chifukwa amatengedwa ngati owona ndi onse omwe amati ndi chikhulupiriro. Amayankha mafunso monga kulengedwa kwa dziko lapansi, kukhalapo kwa munthu, moyo pambuyo paimfa.
- Chidziwitso chamaluso
Luso laumisiri ndi omwe amafotokozera zenizeni, osafufuza zifukwa zomveka. Chidziwitso ichi ndichapadera komanso chapadera. Amawonetsa kutengeka mtima komanso malingaliro amunthu aliyense kuti awone ndikuzindikira zomwe zawazungulira. Mwachitsanzo: ndakatulo, mawu a nyimbo.
Ndi chidziwitso chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito luso laumwini komanso mphamvu yakufatsira munthu aliyense. Zimachitika kuyambira ali mwana ndipo zimatha kusintha pakapita nthawi.
- Pitirizani ndi: Zida za chidziwitso
