Mitundu ya Geography

Kanema: Main types of sand dunes, desert forms

Zamkati

Mitundu ya malo amunthu
Mitundu ya geography yakuthupi

Pulogalamu ya jogalafe ndi sayansi yomwe imasanthula padziko lapansi: kufotokozera kwakuthupi ndi chilengedwe (zopumulira, nyengo, dothi, zomera ndi nyama); mawonekedwe ake owoneka bwino komanso magulu omwe akukhalamo. Geography imalongosola ndikufotokozera zochitika zachilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu, momwe analili komanso momwe amasinthira pakapita nthawi.

Geography imagawidwa m'magulu awiri akulu: madera ozungulira (amafufuza malo monga madera, madera, malo, mayiko) ndi geography wamba, yomwe imagawidwa:

Dera laumunthu. Phunzirani magulu amunthu, ubale wapakati pawo, zochitika zomwe amachita komanso chilengedwe (gawo, nkhani) momwe akukhalamo.Phunzirani za munthuyo komanso ubale ndi chilengedwe chake. Zimaphatikizapo nthambi zosiyanasiyana zowerengera, mwachitsanzo: chikhalidwe cha anthu, madera akumidzi akumidzi.
Geography yakuthupi. Phunzirani mawonekedwe akuthupi ndi zinthu zomwe zimapanga: zinthu zothandiza, zomera, nyengo. Zimaphatikizapo nthambi zosiyanasiyana zowerengera, mwachitsanzo: climatology, geomorphology

Mitundu ya malo amunthu

Kumidzi yakumidzi. Phunzirani madera akumidzi, kapangidwe kake, machitidwe awo, zochita zawo, momwe amapangidwira, moyo wawo wabwino. Sayansi ina yomwe ingagwirizane ndi izi ndi agronomy ndi economics.
Madera akumizinda akumunthu. Phunzirani madera okhala m'mizinda, kapangidwe kake, mawonekedwe awo, zinthu zomwe zimapanga, kusintha kwawo kwakanthawi. Phunzirani zamatawuni, kutukuka kwa mizinda.
Zolemba zamankhwala zamankhwala. Phunzirani momwe chilengedwe chimakhudzira thanzi la anthu. Phunzirani zaumoyo wa anthu. Sayansi yake yothandizira ndi mankhwala.
Mbiri ya anthu yonyamula. Imasanthula mitundu ya mayendedwe ndi njira zoyendera m'malo opatsidwa, momwe zimakhudzira anthu komanso chilengedwe.
Zachuma zaumunthu. Phunzirani zochitika zachuma mdera linalake. Ikuwonetsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kayendetsedwe kazachuma ndikugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zachilengedwe.
Madera azikhalidwe za anthu. Phunzirani mitundu yandale komanso chikhalidwe cha anthu, mabungwe, mabungwe aboma.
Chikhalidwe chaumunthu. Unikani chikhalidwe cha anthu kapena gulu lililonse komanso maubale omwe ali mkati mwawo.
Mbiri yakale ya anthu. Phunzirani za kusintha kwachikhalidwe komwe anthu kapena dera linalake lakhala likuchitika zaka zambiri.
Geography ya ukalamba. Amadziwikanso kuti gerontological geography, imafufuza tanthauzo la okalamba mwa anthu.

Mitundu ya geography yakuthupi

Zanyengo. Phunzirani momwe nyengo ilili. Amagawidwa kukhala mawunikidwe a zanyengo (owerengera momwe zikhalidwe zilili), nyengo yofananira (imawunika momwe madera akulu alili) ndi nyengo zamatawuni (imawunika nyengo za mzinda winawake).
Zojambulajambula. Phunzirani za mawonekedwe apadziko lapansi. Amagawidwa mu: fluvial geomorphology (amafufuza madera omwe adapangidwa chifukwa cha kukokoloka ndi njira zamvula), malo otsetsereka a geomorphology (amaphunzira madera akutali, monga mapiri), geomorphology ya mphepo (onani momwe madera amasinthira chifukwa champhamvu ya mphepo), glacial geomorphology (imafufuza gawo lomwe lili ndi madera akuluakulu a ayezi), nyengo ya geomorphology (imasanthula ubale womwe ulipo pakati pa nyengo ndi dera) ndi geomorphology yamphamvu (imasanthula kusintha kwa nthaka ndi njira zamkati ndi zowonongera za kukokoloka ndi kukokoloka) .
Zojambulajambula. Phunzirani malo okhala ndi madzi ofunikira. Amagawidwa mu hydromorphometry (amafufuza mitsinje ndi mitsinje, mawonekedwe awo, kukula kwake) ndi hydrography yam'madzi (imafufuza pansi ndi pamwamba pa nyanja).
Gombe lanyanja. Phunzirani mawonekedwe am'mphepete mwa mitsinje, nyanja, mitsinje, nyanja.
Zolemba. Phunzirani kugawa kwa zinthu zamoyo mlengalenga. Amagawidwa m'magulu amitundu yambiri (amafufuza maluwa amchigawochi komanso maubale pakati pa anthuwa), zoogeography (amafufuza zinyama za m'derali komanso maubale omwe amakhalirana) ndi biogeography yazilumba (imafufuza nyama ndi zomera pazilumbazi) .
Pmaphunziro. Phunzirani za chiyambi cha dothi mdera linalake.
Zolemba. Amachita bwino pakumanganso malo m'malo osiyanasiyana a geological. Amagawidwa m'magulu atatu: paleoclimatology (imafufuza momwe nyengo idasinthira pazaka zambiri), paleogeobiography (imafufuza kusiyanasiyana kwa madera ndi zinyama), paleohydrology (imasanthula kusintha kwa nyanja, mitsinje, nyanja).