Zamkati
Pulogalamu ya chitetezo cha mthupi kapena chitetezo cha mthupi Ndi njira yodzitchinjiriza ya thupi la munthu ndi nyama zomwe, kudzera mukugwirizana kwa thupi, mankhwala ndi ma cell, zimasunga mkati mwa thupi kukhala opanda zinthu zakunja komanso zomwe zitha kukhala ndi poizoni ndi matenda, monga mavairasi, mabakiteriya ndi ena tizilombo.
Matupi akunja onsewa amatchedwa ma antigen. Ndipo amalimbana ndi thupi kudzera mukutulutsa kwa maselo ndi zinthu zodzitchinjiriza, monga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma antibodies (maselo oyera amwazi): maselo omwe cholinga chawo ndi kuzindikira, kuzindikira ndi kuphimba matupi osafunikirawa kuti alole kutulutsidwa m'thupi.
Mayankho ena omwe chitetezo chamthupi chimakhala nawo ndi kutupa (kudzipatula kudera lomwe lakhudzidwa), malungo (kupangitsa kuti thupi lisakhalemo ndikulowa ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono), mwa mayankho ena omwe angakhalepo.
Chitetezo chamthupi chimapangidwa ndimaselo ndi ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za thupi, kuchokera ku ziwalo zomwe zimatulutsa maselo oyera a magazi, monga ndulu, fupa ndi mafupa osiyanasiyana, komanso zotupa za mucous ndi ziwalo zina za thupi zomwe zimalola kuthamangitsidwa kapena kuteteza kulowa kwa othandizira akunja.
Mitundu ya chitetezo chamthupi
Mitundu iwiri ya chitetezo cha mthupi imadziwika:
- Chitetezo chachilengedwe. Wotchedwa wobadwa nawo kapena wopanda tanthauzo, umafotokoza za njira zotetezera zamoyo zomwe zimabwera ndi ife tikamabadwa. Amapezeka pafupifupi pazinthu zonse zamoyo, ngakhale zosavuta komanso chofanana, wokhoza kudziteteza pogwiritsa ntchito michere ndi mapuloteni kuchokera kwa othandizira majeremusi.
- Anapeza chitetezo chamthupi. Zina mwazinyama zam'mimba ndi zamoyo zapamwamba, zina mwazomwe zimafunikira kuti maselo akhale odzipereka kwathunthu kuteteza ndi kuyeretsa kwa chamoyo, cholumikizidwa ndi dongosolo lachilengedwe lenilenilo. Njira yodzitchinjirayi imasinthasintha pakapita nthawi ndipo "imaphunzira" kuzindikira othandizira, motero imapereka chitetezo "chomakumbukira." Yotsirizira ndi yomwe katemera amafunika.
Nchiyani chingawononge chitetezo cha mthupi?
Ngakhale ndiyothandiza komanso yolumikizana, si matenda onse omwe amatha kuwongoleredwa ndikuchotsedwa ndi chitetezo cha mthupi chokha. Nthawi zina ma antibodies amalephera kuzindikira kapena kudzipatula, kapena nthawi zina amakhala wovulalayo. Zikatero ndikofunikira kumwa mankhwala.
N'chimodzimodzinso ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chitetezeke, chomwe chitetezo cha mthupi chimakhala chovuta pomenyana ndi maselo kapena ziphuphu, ndikuzizindikira molakwika ngati olanda.
Thupi likamachedwa kuchepa kapena kosagwira ntchito poyankha mthupi, limatchedwa kuti munthu wopanda chitetezo chamthupi kapena wopanda chitetezo chamthupi.
Zomwe zimayambitsa kulephera kwa chitetezo cha mthupi zitha kukhala zingapo, monga:
- Matenda osokoneza bongo. Mankhwala ena omwe amachititsa matenda opatsirana pogonana monga Edzi, amalimbana ndi maselo oyera amthupi, ndi nkhanza zoterezi zomwe sizimalola kuti m'malo mwawo azikhala otetezedwa mthupi. Maonekedwe a matenda ena obadwa nawo, monga matenda osachiritsika a granulomatous, amatulutsa zochitika zofananira ngakhale sizingafalitsidwe.
- Kusowa zakudya m'thupi. Kulephera kwakukulu kwa zakudya, makamaka kusowa kwa mapuloteni ndi zakudya zina monga iron, zinc, mkuwa, selenium ndi mavitamini A, C, E, B6 ndi B9 (folic acid) zimakhudza kwambiri chitetezo chamthupi. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi kapena okhala ndi vuto la kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, amakhala pachiwopsezo cha matenda kuposa omwe amasamalidwa bwino.
- Mowa, kusuta komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kumwa mowa kwambiri, fodya, ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumawononga chitetezo cha mthupi, kuchifooketsa ndikusiya thupi lotseguka kuti litenge matenda.
- Kunenepa kwambiri. Kunenepa kwambiri, makamaka munthawi yamavuto, kumakhala ndi zofooka zingapo zathanzi, chimodzi mwazomwe ndizochepetsa chitetezo chamthupi.
- Mafunde. Chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa kuipitsidwa kwa thupi la munthu chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ma radiation ndi ma anti -uppression, chifukwa cha kuwonongeka komwe tinthu timeneti timatulutsa m'mafupa. Ndichinthu chodabwitsa chomwe chimanenedwa ndi omwe saziteteza pazinthu zoopsa, kapena omwe achitidwa ngozi zanyukiliya monga Chernobyl.
- Chemotherapies. Mankhwala ochiritsira olimbana ndi khansa kapena matenda ena osachiritsika nthawi zambiri amakhala owopsa, potengera momwe zinthu zimagwiritsidwira ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitetezo chamthupi chiteteze kwambiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amakhala limodzi ndi zakudya ndi zina zomwe zimalola kuthana ndi izi pang'ono.
- Mankhwala ena. Mankhwala ena amatha kuchepetsa kapena kuyang'anira chitetezo cha mthupi, chifukwa chake amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi zovuta zomwe zimachitika mthupi lanu. Komabe, kugwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika kumatha kubweretsa kuchepa koopsa kwa chitetezo chamthupi. Kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki mosasamala kumathandizanso kuti thupi likhale ndi chitetezo chamthupi.
- Kutetezedwa. Ili ndi dzina lomwe limaperekedwa pakuchepetsa mphamvu yachitetezo cha mthupi yomwe imadza ndi ukalamba, nthawi zambiri pambuyo pazaka 50, ndipo izi ndi zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa chitetezo chamthupi.
- Kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Zatsimikiziridwa kuti moyo wolimbitsa thupi, ndiye kuti, ndimachitidwe olimbitsa thupi, umalimbitsa chitetezo chamthupi ndikuthandizira kuyankha kwake. Moyo wongokhala, kumbali inayo, umayamba kuchepa ndi kufooketsa chitetezo cha mthupi.
- Matenda okhumudwa. Kulumikizana pakati pamaganizidwe amunthu ndi chitetezo chake chamthupi kwatsimikiziridwa, kotero kuti munthu wopsinjika amatha kuyankha pang'onopang'ono kusiyana ndi omwe ali ndi chidwi chofuna kukhala ndi moyo.
