Neurosis ndi Psychosis

Zamkati

• Zitsanzo za neurosis
• Zitsanzo za psychosis

Kwambiri matenda amitsempha Chani psychosis ndi mawu ogwiritsidwa ntchito pamaganizidwe amisala, psychology ndi psychoanalysis, ndiye kuti, mmagawo osiyanasiyana omwe amafufuza malingaliro amunthu, kutanthauza madera ena amisala omwe amawoneka kuti ndi amisala kapena matenda. Komabe, iliyonse ili ndi ntchito yakeyake komanso mbiri yake.

Ndi matenda amitsempha Zimamveka m'malo omwe atchulidwayi magulu amisala omwe amadziwika kuti ndi osokonekera komanso amakhala ndi nkhawa. Mawuwa adapangidwa kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18, koma adapeza tanthauzo lofanana ndi lomwe likupezeka koyambirira kwa zaka makumi awiri, chifukwa cha ntchito zaku Sigmund Freud ndi Pierre Janet, mwa ena. Lero chatayidwa ngati chofotokozera chachipatala chifukwa cha zithunzi zingapo zachipatala, zotchedwa zovuta.

M'malo mwake, mwa psychosis Malangizo awa amamvetsetsa mkhalidwe wamaganizidwe otaya kulumikizana, kapena kugawanika mmenemo, ndi zenizeni zozungulira. Izi zitha kutanthauza kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo, zonyenga, kusintha umunthu, kapena nthawi yamaganizidwe osagawanika. Chifukwa mitundu ingapo yamaganizidwe, ma neuronal, komanso ngakhale zamoyo zimatha kuyambitsa kusokonezeka kwa psychotic, nthawi zambiri imafaniziridwa ndi malungo ngati chisonyezo chosadziwika kuti china chake chalakwika. Kuphulika kumeneku kumatha kukhala kwakanthawi komanso kosabwereza m'moyo wa wodwalayo, kapena kwanthawi yayitali.

Zitsanzo za neurosis

1. Matenda okhumudwa. Ndi magawo okhumudwitsa, onse ofatsa, ocheperako kapena owopsa, pamaso kapena osakhala ndi somatic, matenda osatha kapena obwereza, monga dysthymia ndi cyclothymia.
2. Matenda nkhawa. Zinthu momwe lingaliro silimaletseka ndipo limakhala ndi nkhawa zomwe zimayambiranso. Awa ndi ma phobias, obsessive compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, kapena matenda wamba a nkhawa.
3. Matenda osokoneza bongo. Omwe kupitiriza kwachidziwitso kumasokonezedwa, monga ma psychogenic fugues ndi amnesias, depersonalization disorder, kukhala ndi chizimbwizimbwi.
4. Matenda a Somatoform. Zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kusintha kwa thupi kapena thanzi la thupi: hypochondria, dysmorphophobia, kupweteka kwa somatoform, somatization.
5. Matenda ogona. Kusowa tulo, hypersomnia, zowopsa usiku, kugona, pakati pa ena.
6. Zovuta zakugonana. Zovuta izi, zolumikizidwa ndi zochitika zogonana, zimaganiziridwa mwachikhalidwe m'magulu awiri: zovuta (kukana kugonana, anorgasmia, kusowa mphamvu, vaginismus, etc.) Gulu lomalizali limatsutsana nthawi zonse.
7. Zovuta zowongolera. Omwe nkhaniyo ilibe mabuleki pamakhalidwe ena, monga kleptomania, njuga, pyromania, trichotillomania.
8. Zovuta zenizeni. Yemwe zizindikilo zake, zakuthupi kapena zamaganizidwe, amadzipangira yekha wodwala, kuti alandire chidwi kwa ogwira ntchito zamankhwala.
9. Matenda osinthika. Chizindikiro chazomwe zimachitika pakumva kupsinjika kwa miyezi itatu yoyambira, komanso momwe kusokonekera kunapitilira zomwe zimayambitsa.
10. Matenda amisala. Zomwe zimalumikizidwa ndi kusoweka kosawongolera kwamalingaliro ndi zovuta, monga kupindika, zovuta zina zapanikizika kapena mania.

Zitsanzo za psychosis

1. Matenda achizungu. Limeneli ndi dzina lomwe limaperekedwa kwa omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la matenda amisala, omwe amalepheretsa magwiridwe antchito a psyche, kusintha malingaliro ake a zenizeni, kuzindikira kwake zenizeni ndikulimbikitsa kusokonekera kwakukulu kwa ma neuropsychological. Ndi matenda osachiritsika.
2. Matenda a Schizophreniform. Wodziwika kuti ali ndi zizindikilo zambiri za schizophrenia, komanso wokhalitsa pakati pa miyezi 1 ndi 6. Kuchira kwathunthu, mosiyana ndi schizophrenia, ndikotheka.
3. Matenda a Schizoaffective. Wodziwika ndi kupezeka kwanthawi yayitali komanso kwakanthawi kambiri kwamania, kukhumudwa kapena kusinthasintha zochitika, komwe kumatsagana ndi kuyerekezera zinthu kwapadera, zododometsa zamavuto komanso kusowa kwantchito komanso ntchito. Zimaphatikizapo kudzipha kwakukulu.
4. Kusokonezeka kwa chisokonezo. Amadziwika kuti psychosis yodzidzimutsa, amadziwika ndi kuwonekera kwachinyengo chachilendo, nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa malingaliro, owoneka bwino, kapena malingaliro okhudzana ndi malingaliro amisala. Sizimakhala ndi zizindikiro za schizophrenia kapena zozizwitsa zowoneka bwino, koma zimasokoneza chikhalidwe cha anthu kudzera m'malingaliro olakwika a ena komanso omwe ali nawo.
5. Kugawika kwamatenda amisala. Imazunza anthu awiri kapena kupitilira apo omwe ali ndi chikhulupiriro chabodza kapena chonyenga, mwa njira yopatsirana. Ndi matenda osowa kwambiri.
6. Matenda achidule amisala. Amawonedwa ngati kuphulika kwakanthawi kwakanthawi kwamisala, komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha zinthu zosatsimikizika, monga kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa chilengedwe (othawa kwawo, oberedwa) kapena matenda amisala omwe analipo kale. Ndizofala kwambiri kwa achinyamata ndipo zimawoneka pafupipafupi.
7. Matenda a Catatonic kapena catatonia. Amawonedwa ngati kachilombo ka schizophrenia, amadziwika ndi kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito, ndikulowetsa wodwalayo munthawi yochulukirapo.
8. Kusokonezeka kwa umunthu wa Schizoid. Imazunza ochepera 1% ya anthu padziko lapansi, ndikudzipatula pagulu komanso kuletsa kuwonetsa malingaliro, ndiye kuti, kuzizira kwambiri komanso kusakondweretsanso ena.
9. Matenda osokoneza bongo. Monga mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mankhwala amphamvu, kapena poizoni wambiri.
10. Matenda a psychotic chifukwa cha matenda. Odwala omwe ali ndi zotupa zamaubongo, matenda a CNS kapena matenda ena omwe amayambitsa zizindikilo zofananira ndi psychosis.