Nyama zopumira

Zamkati

• Mitundu ya ma gill
• Zitsanzo za nyama zomwe zimapuma kudzera m'mitsempha

Pulogalamu ya kupuma Ndi njira yomwe zamoyo zimapezera mpweya. Kupuma kumeneku kumatha kukhala kwamapapu, kwamasamba, kwamisempha kapena kwamkati.

Nyama zomwe zimapuma kudzera m'miyalayi ndi nyama zam'madzi zamadzi amchere komanso zamchere, pakati pake pali mitundu ingapo yama crustaceans, nyongolotsi, amphibians, mollusks ndi nsomba zonse. Mwachitsanzo: nsombazi, nkhanu, octopus.

Kupuma kwa Gill kumachitika ndi ma gill kapena ma gill, omwe ndi ziwalo zopumira zomwe zimasefa mpweya kuchokera m'madzi kupita m'magazi ndi minyewa. Mpweya umenewu ndi wofunika kwambiri kuti mpweya ukhale wabwino. Mpweyawo umasefa mpweya komanso kutulutsa mpweya woipa mu chilengedwe.

Mitundu ya ma gill

Mitsempha ndimatumba omwe amapangidwa ndi timapepala tating'onoting'ono kapena tinthu tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imasinthasintha kuyenda kwa nyama mdera lawo lam'madzi. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka kumtunda kwa thupi la nyama ndipo amatha kukhala akunja kapena mkati.

• Mitsempha yakunja. Zimapezeka ndi nyama zopanda mafupa kapena kumayambiriro kwa kusintha kwa nyama zina. Ndi nyumba zachikale komanso zosavuta zomwe zimalumikizana ndi chilengedwe. Izi zili ndi zovuta zingapo, chifukwa zimatha kuwonongeka mosavuta ndikupangitsa zovuta kukhala zovuta. Mwachitsanzo: Chikopa cha m'nyanja ndi mphutsi za mitundu ina ya amphibiya zimakhala ndi mitsempha yakunja.
• Mitsempha yamkati. Zimapezeka m'zinyama zazikulu zam'madzi. Amakhala otetezeka pang'ono m'matumba omwe amawateteza. Mwachitsanzo: nsomba zam'madzi (tuna, cod, mackerel) zimakhala ndi operculum (kumapeto komwe kumateteza mitsempha).

Zitsanzo za nyama zomwe zimapuma kudzera m'mitsempha

• Pitirizani ndi: Zinyama zokhala ndi mpweya wabwino