Zamkati
Pulogalamu ya Zamoyo zopanga ndi omwe amatha kupanga chakudya chawo (chotchedwanso ma autotrophs), pomweogula Ndiwo omwe amapeza chakudya kuchokera kuzachilengedwe zomwe zimawazungulira (ma heterotrophs).
Chofunikira kuti chamoyo chiwonedwe kuti chimapanga ndicho chomwecho Zitha kupanga zachilengedwe kuchokera kuzinthu zachilengedwe.
Gwero lofala kwambiri lamphamvu lomwe amagwiritsa ntchito ngati chinthu chosowa ndikuti ndi lobwera kuchokera ku kuwala kwa dzuwa, ndipo njira yawo yodyetsera sikumangolumikizana kokha komwe amadyetsa, koma m'malo mwake, amasula zina zinthu.
Kutengera pa zolengedwa omwe amalola kuwala kwa dzuwa (zomera zomwe zimapanga photosynthesis, omwe ali ndi chlorophyll) amatuluka mpweya mumlengalenga, zofunika pamoyo Padziko Lapansi. Zomwe sizimapanga photosynthesize ndi chemoautotrophs, yomwe imatulutsa mphamvu kuchokera zimachitikira mankhwala pakati pa zinthu zachilengedwe.
Onaninso: Zitsanzo za 10 za Autotrophic ndi Heterotrophic Organic
Udindo munthawi yazakudya
Mwanjira iyi, dzina lazinthu zopanga limapeza gawo lina lomwe ndi la kutulutsa zinthu zogwiritsa ntchito mitundu ina yonse, zomwe zimawapatsa gawo lofunikira pagulu lazakudya.
Kudalira kwathunthu, ngakhale pankhani ya nyama zodya nyama chifukwa pamapeto pake mawonekedwe a nyama yawo amachokera ku ziwalo za autotrophic zomwe adadyetsa.
Onaninso: Zitsanzo za Chakudya Chakudya
Zitsanzo za zinthu zopanga
| Mzinda wa Cypress. | Cactus. |
| Mtengo wa Encino. | Mdima wakuda. |
| Achimwene. | Mtengo wamtengo waukulu. |
| Xantophyta, madzi amchere amchere. | Zolemba |
| Alga wa rhizoclonium. | Mabakiteriya achikuda. |
| Zitsamba. | Maselo a epidermal azomera zam'madzi. |
| Ndaluso za cyyanophytic. | Zilonda zamtundu umodzi, monga Nóstoc. |
| Maselo a Photosynthetic Parenchymal. | Chamomile |
| Spirulina. | Epicarp ya zipatso pakupanga |
| Sage | Rhodomicrobium mabakiteriya |
| Pericarp ya zipatso pakupanga. | Udzu. |
| Zitsamba. | Maselo a Fern. |
| Mankhwala a mandimu. | Mabakiteriya a Rhodocyclaceae. |
| Mabakiteriya a rhodosprillales. | Msondodzi wolira. |
| Coleochaete alga. | Mtengo wa azitona. |
Pulogalamu ya zowononga zamoyo Ndiwo onse omwe amafunikira ena kuti adyetse okha, ndiye kuti, ayenera kudya zinthu zomwe zidapangidwa kale m'chilengedwe. Njira yake yodyetsera, ilibe mkhalidwe wokhala ndizowonjezerapo zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito, koma Zimangokhala pazakudya zokha, ndipo zinthu zomwe amadya ziyenera kuti zidakonzedwa kale.
Nyama zonse ndi bowa Iwo ndi gawo la gululi, lomwe limawapangitsa kukhala gulu lotsekedwa pakati pa zamoyo: ma heterotrophs nthawi zonse amadyetsa chamoyo china, ndipo amatha kukhala chakudya cha zamoyo zina.
Zamoyo zowonongedwa zimasanjidwanso kukhala gulu lomwe limapanga pafupifupi zonse, lomwe ndi lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamankhwala zomwe zimachotsa mwachindunji kuzinthu zachilengedwe (chemoorganotrophs), ndi phothootchi omwe ndi omwe amatha kuphatikiza mphamvu akamasowa kuwala kwinaku akudyetsa zamoyo zina pomwe kulibe.
Zitsanzo za mabungwe ogula
| Akambuku | Makoswe |
| Fox. | Zamgululi |
| Matenda a hepatocyte. | Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda |
| Njovu | Ma lymphocyte a B ndi T. |
| Escherichia coli. | Njovu |
| Bowa. | Zinyama |
| Maselo ofiira ofiira. | Edwardsiella amatenga. |
| Saprobes. | Chipembere. |
| Shaki. | Corolus motsutsana. |
| Agalu. | Onani iwo. |
| Zolemba. | Anthu. |
| Matenda a m'mimba | Yersinia pestis. |
| Akalulu | Nkhuku. |
| Salmonella choleraseuis. | Kutulutsa. |
| Amphaka | Bowa la Reishi. |
Itha kukutumikirani:
- Zitsanzo za Kuwonongeka Kwazinthu
- Zitsanzo za Maketani A Chakudya
- Zitsanzo za Symbiosis
- 20 Zitsanzo za Nyama Zodyetsa ndipo Zodyera
