Zitsanzo 50 za Milalang'amba - Encyclopedia

Zamkati

Gulu
Mbiri
Tsogolo
Zitsanzo za milalang'amba pafupi ndi Dziko Lapansi
Zitsanzo za milalang'amba yakutali kwambiri

Pulogalamu ya milalang’amba ndi magulu akuluakulu a nyenyezi omwe amalumikizana mwamphamvu, ndipo nthawi zonse amakhala mozungulira malo amodzi. Pali milalang'ala mazana mazana mabiliyoni mlengalenga, uliwonse uli ndi nyenyezi zopitilira thililiyoni nthawi imodzi, kukula kwake, mawonekedwe ake, ndi kuwala kwake.

Dziko lapansi, mofanana ndi dongosolo lonse la dzuŵa, lili m'gulu la milalang'amba yotchedwa njira yamkaka (womasuliridwa kuti 'msewu wamkaka'), womwe umadziwika ndi dzinali chifukwa chowoneka kuchokera Padziko Lapansi, mlalang'ambawu ukuwoneka ngati banga la mkaka kumwamba.

Zimapangidwa ndi chiyani? Nyenyezi, mitambo yamagesi, mapulaneti, fumbi lachilengedwe, zinthu zakuda, ndi mphamvu ndizo zinthu zomwe zimapezeka mu mlalang'amba.Nthawi yomweyo, magulu ena monga ma nebulae, magulu a nyenyezi, ndi nyenyezi zingapo amapanga milalang'amba.

Gulu

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya milalang'amba imabweretsa mtundu wa morphological, womwe gulu lililonse limakhala ndi machitidwe ena.

Milalang'amba yozungulira: Amadziwika ndi dzina la ma diski awo momwe nyenyezi, gasi ndi fumbi zimakhazikika mmanja, kutuluka panja kuchokera pakatikati pa milalang'amba. Ali ndi manja ozungulira otseguka mozungulira kwambiri, ndipo ali ndi mpweya komanso fumbi lokhala ndi nyenyezi zambiri.
Milalang'amba yozungulira: Zili ndi nyenyezi zakale, motero zilibe mpweya kapena fumbi.
Milalang'amba yosawerengeka: Alibe mawonekedwe apadera ndipo ali pakati pawo milalang'amba yaying'ono kwambiri.

Mbiri

Katswiri wa zakuthambo waku Persia nthawi zambiri amatchulidwa al-Sufi monga woyamba kuzindikira kukhalapo kwa milalang'amba, kenako kwa Mfalansa Charles Messier monga wolemba woyamba, kumapeto kwa zaka XVIII, Zinthu zopanda nyenyezi zomwe zimaphatikizapo milalang'amba pafupifupi makumi atatu.

Milalang'amba yonse ili ndi chiyambi ndi chisinthiko, yoyamba idapangidwa pafupifupi zaka 1000 miliyoni pambuyo poti big-bang. Maphunzirowa adachokera ku maatomu haidrojeni ndi helium: ndi kusinthasintha kwa kachulukidwe ndikuti nyumba zazikulu kwambiri zidayamba kuwonekera, zomwe zidadzetsa milalang'amba monga momwe ikudziwika lero.

Tsogolo

M'tsogolomu, zikuyembekezeredwa kuti mibadwo yatsopano ya nyenyezi ipangidwe bola milalang'amba yomwe ili ndi mitambo ya hydrogen m'manja mwawo.

Haidrojeni ameneyu alibe malire koma amakhala ndi malire, kotero kuti mapangidwe a nyenyezi zatsopano atatha adzafika kumapeto: m'magulu akulu ngati Milky Way, akuyembekezeka kuti nyengo yomwe ilipo pakapangidwe ka nyenyezi ikupitilizabe kwa zaka mazana mabiliyoni zikubwerazi, kuchepa pamene nyenyezi zazing'ono zimayamba kuzimiririka.