Zamkati
Pulogalamu ya Miyezo Quality Malamulo, malangizo kapena mawonekedwe omwe a mankhwala kapena ntchito (kapena zotsatira zake) kutsimikizira mtundu wake.
Pulogalamu ya mtundu wa malonda kapena ntchito Amatanthauzidwa ngati kuphatikiza kwaumisiri ndi kapangidwe kake kamene kamatsimikizira kuchuluka kwakukhutira ndi zomwe ntchitoyi imapereka kwa kasitomala. Ngakhale kwa olemba ena zabwino ndi zotsatira za kulumikizana pakati pamalingaliro amalingaliro ndi zolinga, miyezo yabwino imagwirizana ndi zolinga zake.
Makhalidwe a chinthu chofunikira malinga ndi miyezo yamitundumitundu amatha kusiyanasiyana: zofunikira zakuthupi kapena zamankhwala, kukula kwake, kuthamanga kapena kutentha, ndi zina zambiri. Ubwino umaperekedwanso ndi kuphatikiza kwa malingaliro ambiri, monga odalirika, okhazikika, othandiza, othandiza, ndi zina zambiri.
Pulogalamu ya Miyezo Quality atha kutanthauzira mbali zosiyanasiyana za mtundu: kapangidwe, konkodansi (pakati pazomwe zidapangidwa ndi zomwe zimapangidwa), pogwiritsidwa ntchito, pantchito yogulitsa pambuyo pake.
Onaninso: Zitsanzo za Miyezo(kawirikawiri)
zolinga
Zolinga zamakhalidwe abwino ndi awa:
- Fotokozerani zocheperako zazinthu: Mwachitsanzo, kuti foni iwonedwe ngati foni yam'manja iyenera kukhala ndi mawonekedwe ake.
- Gwirizanitsani zinthu, pamodzi ndi njira ndi deta yolumikizidwa nayo: Gulu lazogulitsa limathandizira kugulitsa kwawo.
- Sinthani chitetezo: Miyezo yambiri yamakhalidwe amatanthauza chitetezo pakugwiritsa ntchito zinthu
- Tetezani zofuna za ogula: Malamulo pamiyeso amatsimikizira kuti zinthu zomwe wogula akugula zidzakwaniritsa zosowa zawo
- Mtengo wotsika: Kuzindikira miyezo yopanga kumachepetsa mtengo.
Ntchito ndi Mapindu
Pulogalamu ya Miyezo Quality Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana: zida (zopangira zinthu zina), zogulitsa, makina, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kasamalidwe (zachilengedwe, zoopsa pantchito, chitetezo, kuyang'anira), ntchito ndi njira.
Pulogalamu ya Ubwino za ubale wabwino pakati pa makampani ndi makasitomala ndi:
- Chikhalidwe chamakhalidwe chimapangidwa mkati mwa kampani.
- Lonjezani chidaliro cha kasitomala.
- Imakulitsa chithunzi cha kampani osati pamsika wamsika komanso m'misika yapadziko lonse lapansi, popeza gawo lalikulu lazikhalidwe zimayenderana ndi mayiko akunja.
Pali mabungwe osiyanasiyana adziko kapena apadziko lonse omwe amakhazikitsa miyezo yabwino ndikuwongolera kutsata kwawo. Zitsanzo zina ndi izi:
- European Committee for Standardization (CEN, chigawo)
- European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC, chigawo)
- Argentina Institute for Rationalization of Materials (IRAM, dziko)
- AENOR Standardization Committee: dziko, Spain, koma idakhazikitsa miyezo ya UNE yomwe ili yovomerezeka m'chigawo
- Miyezo yamagetsi yapadziko lonse (IES, muyezo wapadziko lonse wamagetsi)
- Sosaiti ya American Engineer: SAE, National, Construction ndi Engineering Associated Products
- American Iron and Steel Institutute: AISI, National, Zitsulo Zamgululi
- Chakudya ndi Mankhwala Osokoneza bongo: FDA, dziko (United States), malamulo azakudya ndi mankhwala.
- International Organisation for Standardization: ISO, yapadziko lonse lapansi, imagwira ntchito iliyonse yokhudzana ndi kupanga katundu kapena ntchito. Popeza ntchito zawo ndizosiyanasiyana, miyezo ya ISO ndiyodziwika bwino.
Zitsanzo za Miyezo Yabwino
Pamndandanda wotsatirawu timavumbula ndi miyezo yanji yabwino amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana ndi zolinga zomwe amatsatira:
- Zamgululi: ntchito m'munda wa zojambula luso. Sankhani mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mizere yolingalira makulidwe, kuchuluka kwake, kuyimira kwake ndi kagwiritsidwe kake.
- Zamgululi (kujambula mwaluso): imapanga mawonekedwe, zojambulajambula ndi kupukuta pepala.
- Zamgululi: Amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yachitetezo ndi zizindikilo. Sankhani mitundu, zizindikiro, ndi zikwangwani zachitetezo.
- Zamgululi: amagwiritsidwa ntchito potenthetsa nyumba, poganizira zinthu zachilengedwe.
- Iso 9001: imagwira ntchito ku Quality Management Systems. Kampani yomwe ikukwaniritsa izi ikuwonetsa kuti ikukwaniritsa zofunikira kuti akhutiritse makasitomala.
- ISO 16949 (yotchedwanso ISO / TS 16949): imalumikizidwa ndi muyezo wa ISO 9001 momwe imafotokozera zofunikira pakapangidwe kazopanga magalimoto.
- ISO 9000: ndiwothandizana nawo 9001. Mulingo uwu wapatsa Quality Management Systems chilankhulo chokhazikika, komanso maziko ake.
- ISO 9004- Zimagwira ntchito moyenera (kukwaniritsa zolinga) ndi kuchita bwino (kukwaniritsa zolinga pogwiritsa ntchito zocheperako) pakuwongolera zabwino.
- ISO 14000: imagwira ntchito pazokhudzana ndi zomwe kampani imagwira pazachilengedwe.
- ISO 14001: amayang'anira kayendetsedwe kazachilengedwe. Kukhazikitsa kutsatira malamulo am'deralo okhudzana ndi chisamaliro cha chilengedwe.
- ISO 14004: muyezo uwu umatsogolera kampani pakukula, kukhazikitsa, kukonza ndi kukonza makina oyang'anira zachilengedwe, kuphatikiza pakuphatikiza kwake ndi machitidwe ena oyang'anira.
- ISO 17001: amatanthauza kufanana kwa zinthu zonse ndi ntchito, ndiko kuti, kuyenerera kwawo. Lamuloli likuwonetsa zofunikira pazogulitsa zilizonse kapena ntchito iliyonse.
- ISO 18000: amatanthauza malamulo azaumoyo ndi chitetezo pantchito.
- ISO 18001: imayang'anira Njira Zoyang'anira Zaumoyo ndi Chitetezo. Pamodzi ndi miyezo ya ISO 9001 ndi ISO 14001 amapanga njira yoyendetsera kasamalidwe.
- ISO 18002Malangizo othandizira kukhazikitsa Health and Safety Management Systems.
- ISO 18003 (yemwenso amadziwika kuti OHSAS 18003): imakhazikitsa njira zofunikira pakuphatikizira zowunikira zamkati za Safety Management Systems ndi Moni Zantchito.
- ISO 19011: Amagwira ntchito pakuwunika kwamkati osati kokhudzana ndi khalidwe lokha komanso ndi zotsatira zakapangidwe kazachilengedwe.
- ISO 22000: imayang'anira Njira Zoyang'anira Zakudya, ndiye kuti, zimatsimikizira kuti chakudya ndichabwino kudya anthu. Simalongosola za kulawa kapena mawonekedwe koma kusayera kwake, ndiye kuti, kusakhala ndi zoopsa pakudya kwake.
- ISO 26000: amatsogolera kapangidwe, kukhazikitsidwa, chitukuko ndi kukhathamiritsa kwa magulu azikhalidwe.
- ISO 27001: imagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Information Security Management Systems, popewa zoopsa komanso kukonza njira.
- ISO 28000- Kugwiritsa ntchito kusamalira unyolo.
- ISO 31000: amatsogolera kukhazikitsidwa kwa njira zowongolera zoopsa, poganizira zofunikira m'magulu osiyanasiyana.
- ISO 170001: ndi miyezo yomwe imatsimikizira kupezeka konsekonse. Nyumba ndi zoyendera zomwe zikutsatira muyezowu zimathandizira kufikira ndi kuyenda kwa anthu olumala, kapena akhungu, ndi zina zambiri.
- UNE 166000: imagwira ntchito ku kasamalidwe ka R & D & i (kafukufuku mwachidule, chitukuko ndi luso). Imakhazikitsa matanthauzidwe ndi matchulidwe ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ma UNE ena. (UNE 166003, 166004, 166005 ndi 166007 zidasinthidwa)
- UNE 166001: Amasankha zofunikira za ntchito zogwirizana ndi R + D + i
- UNE 166002: amatanthauza machitidwe oyang'anira R & D & i
- UNE 166006: imafotokoza momveka bwino zofunikira pakuyang'anira ukadaulo komanso machitidwe ampikisano azanzeru
- UNE 166008: imazindikira zofunikira pakufunafuna ukadaulo.
