Zitsanzo za Masewera Osokoneza - Encyclopedia

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Mitundu yamasewera
Zitsanzo zamasewera ododometsa

Pulogalamu ya masewera odabwitsa Ndi mtundu wamasewera omwe malamulo ake otenga nawo mbali amadziwika kuti ndiwosamveka bwino, osamveka bwino kapena osamveka bwino, monga kusakhala ndi gulu lotsutsana nawo pamasewera kapena, mulimonsemo, kuloleza kusinthana kwa maudindo pakati pa ogwirizana ndi adani.

Mosiyana ndi masewera wamba, zodabwitsa alibe mphamvu yolimba komanso yolimba nthawi yawo yonse, m'malo mwake amalumikizana ndi magalimoto omwe ophunzirawo amalumikizana malinga ndi malingaliro awo. Chifukwa chake, yemwe mpaka pano mnzake wathu akhoza kusiya kukhalapo, kapena atha kukhala wotsutsana naye nthawi yomweyo.

Mitundu yamasewera

Masewera amasewera ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala akuthupi, momwe anthu amatenga nawo mbali ndipo nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi zovuta, zongokusangalatsani. Izi sizitanthauza kuti masewera samakwaniritsa maudindo azikhalidwe kapena maphunziro..

Pali magawo angapo amasewera omwe adalipo, kutsatira malingaliro amasewerawo ndi malamulo, ndendende, zomwe zikunenedwa kuti ndizomveka. Chifukwa chake, momwe magalimoto amakhudzira masewera atha kukhala amtunduwu:

Malangizo. Omwe magwiridwe antchito pamasewera amatengera kulingalira kwa wosewera, yemwe nthawi zambiri amachita yekha.

Wachinyamata. Omwe ophunzira akuyenera kuyanjana ndi ena nthawi imodzi. Akhozanso kukhala amtunduwu:

Mgwirizano kapena kulumikizana. Omwe osewerawo ali nawo ogwirizana nawo omwe angagawe nawo zoyesayesa zakupambana pamasewerawa.
Kulankhulana kosagwirizana kapena kutsutsana. Omwe pali mdani (kapena gulu la otsutsa) omwe amatsutsa kupambana kapena kupita patsogolo kwa wosewera (ndi gulu lake).
Otsutsa-Ogwirizana. Omwe muli magulu awiri otenga nawo mbali, ena amatenga mbali ya ogwirizana pomwe ena amakhala otsutsana. Masewera odabwitsa ndi gawo lamasewera amtunduwu, ngakhale maudindo awo sali okhazikika.

Mofananamo, titha kukambirana za:

Masewera apawiri. Omwe muli mbali ziwiri zotsutsana kapena osewera awiri omwe akutsutsana ndipo kulumikizana konse pamasewera ndi kwapadera, ndiye kuti, kutengera ntchito ziwiri: pitilizani ndi kusiya zosiyana.
Masewera ododometsa. Omwe maudindo otsutsa ndi mgwirizano sanatanthauzidwe molimba, koma amatha kusintha ndikusinthana.

Zitsanzo zamasewera ododometsa

Kupalasa njinga. Masewerawa, omwe amakhala ndi mpikisano wanjinga zophatikizira anthu ambiri omwe akutenga nawo mbali, ambiri mwa iwo omwe atha kuthandizana popereka ma relays, koma sanathe kukwaniritsa cholinga chawo chonse: m'modzi yekha ndi amene adzapambane pamapeto pake. Koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti pali mbali zomveka bwino, kapena kuti amaleka kukhala otsutsa pogwirizana mwachidule.
X2. Masewerawa amafunika mpira kapena chinthu chilichonse cham'manja, chomwe osewera ayenera kudutsa akawerengera mokweza: "m'modzi", "X", "awiri". Aliyense amene angawerenge "awiriwo" ayenera kuponyera mnzake mnzake yemwe angafune: ngati awagunda, apambana mfundo, ngati mnzakeyo apulumutsa mpirawo osagwetsa, mfundo idzachotsedwa kuchokera kwa woponya. Aliyense amene apeza mfundo zochuluka adzapambana. Wosewera aliyense akagwetsa chinthucho asanachiponye, amathanso kutaya mfundo ndipo zotsatirazo ziyambiranso.
Hoops ndi ngodya. Mphete zinayi zapulasitiki zimayikidwa ndikupanga malo pansi, olekanitsidwa wina ndi mnzake ndi mita ziwiri kapena kupitilira apo. M'malo mwake aliyense wosewera azipezeka, pomwe wina apita pakati, osakhala ndi mphete. Pazizindikiro, wosewera aliyense amayenera kusintha mphete ina yomwe angafune, kuti wina akhale panja kachiwiri, mwanzeru, tsopano akukhala pakatikati. Izi zibwereza motsatizana, mwachangu komanso mwachangu, ndipo palibe wosewera yemwe azikhala pamphete yomweyo.
Banga. Masewera apakatikati othamangitsako, momwe muli maudindo awiri: owatsata (m'modzi yekha) ndi omwe amatsata (ambiri momwe angafunire), koma omwe amasinthana pomwe amene akutsatirayo akukhudza omwe akutsatiridwa. Kenako "banga" lidzaperekedwa kwa iye ndipo adzakhala gawo la omwe akuzunzidwa, potero akusintha wosewera aliyense pakati pa mbali ziwirizi molingana ndi nthawi yomwe wakhudzidwa.
Mavairasi, madokotala ndi odwala. Pali magulu atatu, monga dzinalo likusonyezera, lirilonse liri ndi ntchito yosiyana ndi enawo: mavairasi ayesa kupatsira odwala, ayesa kupeza madotolo kuti awachiritse, ndipo omalizirayo ayesa kuthetsa ma virus. Osewera omwe agwidwawo, aliwonse omwe ali mgulu, apita ku "ndende", mpaka wosewera kuchokera pagulu lotsutsa alowemo: kachilombo ka madotolo, dokotala wa odwala ndi wodwala ma virus. Gulu lomwe limatumiza mamembala onse kuthamangitsa kundende lipambana, kapena kulephera, aliyense amene ali pafupi kwambiri nayo ikakwana nthawi.
Contact mpira. Masewerawa adzafunika mpira, womwe osewerawo adutse mumlengalenga, ndipo womwe ungakhudze (osaponyera) wosewera wina aliyense, kumulemetsa mmalo mwake ndi miyendo yake kufalikira, mpaka atapeza mpirawo. Chifukwa chake, popanda magulu, olumala ndi ufulu azisinthana pakati pa mgwirizano ndi otsutsa, nthawi yosewera ikadutsa. Izi zikatopa, olumala adzatuluka ndipo masewerawo ayambiranso mpaka atatsala m'modzi.
Kutentha. Osewerawa agawika m'magulu awiri otsutsana, iliyonse kumbuyo kwa mzere pansi kuti sangathe kuwoloka. Pakati pa mzere ndi mzere padzakhala mamitala osachepera awiri opatukana ndipo padzakhala mpira, womwe akuyenera kuyesera "kuwotcha", ndiye kuti, kumenya membala wa gulu lotsutsa lomwe lidzakhale gawo lawo. Ngati mpira waphonya kapena wapulumutsidwa, atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi omwe akutsutsana nawo chimodzimodzi. Chifukwa chake, timu yomwe imasunga osewera onse ipambana.
Abakha kumadzi. Bwalo limakokedwa pansi ndipo osewera amaimirira mkati, onse akuyang'ana pansi. Cholinga cha masewerawa ndikukankhira osewera ena ndi matupi awo ndi kubwerera kwawo mpaka atachoka, zomwe sizingachitike popanda mgwirizano wina pakati pa osewerawo, womwe uyenera kuthyoledwa, chifukwa amene atsala wotsiriza mkati mwa masewera apambana. bwalo.
Chodulira ulusi. Ndikosiyana pamalopo, masewera othamangitsa. Padzakhala wozunza, amene adzasankha wozunzidwa poyera. Kenako, idzayenda molunjika kumene ikulowera, mpaka wina atadutsa kapena "kudula" ulusi wa mzere wolunjikawo, ndikupitiliza kukhala ndi udindo wotsatiridwa. Izi zichitika nthawi iliyonse wina akafika panjirayo kapena mpaka pomwe amene akutsatirayo agwirizane ndi wina, yemwe akhale womutsata watsopano ndi zina zambiri.
Bisala. Masewera ena achikale aubwana, momwe wosewera mosankhidwa mwachisawawa amayenera kuwerengera mpaka 100 akuyang'ana pakhoma, pomwe enawo amabisala. Chithunzicho chikangofika, wosewera yekhayo ayenera kufunafuna ndi kupeza anzawo, ndikuthamangira kukhoma kuti awapatse. Komano, ngati wina akhudza khoma lomwe lili patsogolo pake, amasulidwa yekha. Chifukwa chake, woyamba kuperekedwa adzatenga udindo wa akauntanti mu gawo lotsatira ndipo masewera adzayambanso. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, pamasewerawa, ndikuwona mgwirizano wakanthawi womwe ungachitike pakati pa osewera omasulidwa ndi omwe akubisalabe, kapena ngakhale pakati pawo ndi kauntala.