Kusintha ndi Sizisuntha Zida

Zamkati

• Zitsanzo za zinthu zosinthika
• Zitsanzo za zinthu zolimba

Pulogalamu ya kusinthasintha ndi kuthekera kwakuthupi kosintha mawonekedwe ake mwa kupindika popanda kuphwanya. Kusinthasintha ndikutha kukhala kosavuta kusintha, kusintha kusintha kwa mawonekedwe ndi kuyenda. Ndikusinthasintha kwamakina.

Komabe, ndikofunikira kuti musasokoneze otsutsa osasunthika - okhwima (kusinthasintha) ndi otsutsa-otsutsa otsutsa (kuuma). Zinthu zofewa zitha kuumbidwa ndikusinthidwa m'njira zingapo osati kungopindika (kuwonongeka kwake kwatha). Zinthu zosinthika sizingapangidwe ndipo zimangovomereza kusintha kwa mawonekedwe mukamawerama.

Zinthu zolimba sizingakhale zovuta. Mwachitsanzo, mtengo ndi chinthu cholimba koma sichiwuma, chifukwa mphamvu zochepa zimafunika kuti zibowole poyerekeza ndi, chitsulo.

Zitsanzo zoperekedwa za zinthu zosinthika komanso zolimba nthawi zonse zimakhala zofananira. Mwachitsanzo, makatoni ndi ena mwa zinthu zolimba mosiyana ndi mapepala, zopangidwa ndi ulusi womwewo, zomwe zimasinthasintha. Koma makatoni amakhalanso ndi kusintha pang'ono poyerekeza ndi, mwachitsanzo, chitsulo.

Kumbali inayi, pali zinthu zomwe zimatha kusintha kapena kukhala zolimba kutengera makulidwe awo. Mwachitsanzo, polyethylene yolemera kwambiri (HDPE) imatha kusinthika pamapepala ofooka, koma imakhala yolimba kwambiri, ndipo ndi zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa monga zotengera zinyalala kapena mapaipi akulu. Zambiri zomwe zafotokozedwa pansipa zitha kukhala zosinthika komanso zolimba.

• Onaninso: Zida zotanuka

Zitsanzo za zinthu zosinthika

1. Pepala. Ndi pepala laling'ono la pasitala lomwe limapangidwa ndi ulusi wamasamba wapansi. Pepala limasinthasintha ngati lili ndi mayeretsedwe owonda, ndiye kuti ulusi wake umakhala wopanda madzi ambiri. Mapepala okhala ndi ulusi wa hydrated ndi ouma.
2. LDPE / LDPE (Low kachulukidwe Polyethylene). Ndi mtundu wa thermoplastic yomwe imagwiritsidwanso ntchito yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ponyamula mosunthika, monga matumba, filimu yodziyimira yokha ndi magolovesi. Ngakhale imagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'malo okhala ndi zotengera (monga zisoti za mabotolo), imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamapepala oonda omwe amasinthasintha. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popewera mankhwala. Ikhozanso kulekerera kutentha mpaka 80ºC, kapena 95ºC kwakanthawi kochepa. Chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwake, imatsutsana kwambiri ndi zovuta zamakina.
3. Zotayidwa. Chitsulo sichimangokhala chosinthika komanso chofewa, ndiye kuti, chimatha kusunthika kwambiri. Komabe, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti mzakuda zimakhala zolimba. Pachifukwa ichi, zotayidwa zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ponyamula mosunthika (ngakhale zotchedwa "zojambulazo za aluminiyamu") komanso muzinthu zazikulu zolimba zamitundu yonse, kuyambira zitini za chakudya mpaka ndege.
4. Silikoni. Ndi polima wamba. Chifukwa chokhazikika pamatenthedwe otentha, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kupangira nkhungu ndi zomatira m'makampani. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito chosawilitsidwa muzitsulo, monga zopangira mawere, ma prostheses a valve ndi mtima.

• Itha kukutumikirani: Zipangizo za Ductile

Zitsanzo za zinthu zolimba

1. Mapepala. Zimapangidwa ndi zigawo zingapo za zinthu zosinthika: pepala. Komabe, makatoni ndi okhwima chifukwa cha makulidwe ake komanso chifukwa cha momwe ulusi umadutsira: kumata. Zitha kupangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zobwezerezedwanso, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotsika mtengo. Chifukwa cholimba komanso yotsika mtengo, ndizomwe zimasankhidwa kuti apange mabokosi omwe amalola kunyamula zinthu zina zosalimba.
2. PET (polyethylene terephthalate). Ndi pulasitiki yolimba kwambiri, komanso kulimba ndi kukana. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira chakumwa, madzi ndi mankhwala chifukwa chokana mankhwala ndi mlengalenga (kutentha, chinyezi).
3. Polypropylene (PP). Ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimawerengedwa kuti ndi zolimba kapena zosinthika kutengera makulidwe ake. Komabe, imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zolimba. Imakhala yapakatikati pakati pa polyethylene yotsika kwambiri komanso polyethylene yotsika kwambiri. Ndi kugonjetsedwa kwambiri ndi kutentha kwambiri kwa zidulo ndi alkalis. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma CD, mipando, ma trays ndi matabwa odulira. Ndi chinthu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu gastronomy ndi mankhwala (kuyambira mipando ya labotale mpaka ma prosthetics) chifukwa sichisiya zotsalira zamtundu uliwonse kapena zowononga poizoni. Ndizomwe zimasankhidwa ndi mankhwala chifukwa chokana nawo. Mumitundu yake yosinthika imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabandeji, zingwe ndi ulusi, komanso m'mafilimu ang'onoang'ono omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popakira chakudya.
4. Galasi. Ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zilipo mwachilengedwe. Ndizolimba komanso zolimba kwambiri, kutanthauza kuti, zimapereka kukana kwambiri kutuluka kwa mabala, mabala, zokopa ndi kulowetsa. Ngakhale izi, zinthu zamagalasi zamitundu yonse zimatha kupangidwa chifukwa zimatha kuumbidwa kutentha kwambiri kuposa 1,200 ºC. Kutentha kukangotsikanso, kumakhalanso kolimba munjira yatsopano yomwe mwapeza.
5. Chitsulo. Ndi chitsulo cholimba, cholimba kwambiri komanso kachulukidwe. Ndi chitsulo cholimba chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi anthu, kuwonjezera pa kukhala chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri padziko lapansi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chitsulo, chitsulo china cholimba, chomwe ndi aloyi (chisakanizo) chachitsulo ndi kaboni.
6. Wood. Ndizomwe zili mumtengo wa mitengo ndipo nthawi zonse zimakhala zolimba. "Mitengo" yosinthika ya zomera amatchedwa zimayambira ndipo mulibe nkhuni. Mitengo imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zolimba monga zokongoletsera, tebulo, nyumba, kapena mabwato. Mosiyana ndi zinthu zina zolimba monga magalasi kapena zitsulo, zomwe zimatha kusungunuka kuti zitenge mawonekedwe atsopano, matabwa amadulidwa, osema kapena amchenga, ndiye kuti sizimangokhala chinthu cholimba.

Itha kukutumikirani:

• Zida Zachilengedwe ndi Zopangira
• Zipangizo zophatikiza
• Zida zotetezera kutentha
• Zipangizo Conductive