Zamkati
Lingaliro la Psychoanalytic, zoyambirira zomwe zidatsatiridwa kwambiri ndi maphunziro a Sigmund Freud (1856-1939), ndi njira yothandizira komanso yofufuzira m'malingaliro amunthu, kuchokera pamalingaliro amunthu komanso kutali ndi malingaliro azachipatala athupi, omwe amatsata njira ndi malingaliro pamaziko omwe psyche imagwira ntchito.
Pulogalamu ya ine, a izo ndi superego ali atatu mwa malingaliro ake ofunikira, Wofunsidwa ndi Freud mwiniwake kuti afotokoze Constitution yazida zama psychic ndi kapangidwe kake. Malinga ndi kafukufukuyu, magawo atatu osiyanasiyana omwe amapanga malingaliro amagawana ntchito zawo zambiri ndipo amalumikizana kwambiri pamlingo wopitilira kulingalira, ndiye kuti, pamlingo wakukomoka.
- Chidziwitso. Mwa zomwe sizikudziwika konse, ndikutanthauzira kwamatsenga kwa zikhumbo, zikhumbo ndi zachibadwa, zomwe zimayambira nthawi zina kuchokera pagawo loyambirira kwambiri pakusintha kwaumunthu. Imayendetsedwa ndi mfundo yosangalatsa: kukhutira mulimonse momwe ziliri. Pachifukwa ichi nthawi zambiri zimasemphana ndi zochitika zina ziwirizi, zomwe malinga ndi psychoanalysis zikadatha kugawanika pakukula kwamunthu.
- Akuluakulu. Ndimakhalidwe abwino komanso oweluza pazomwe amachita, zomwe zidamangidwa paubwana kudzera pakupanga zovuta za Oedipus, zomwe zotsatira zake ndikuphatikiza zikhalidwe zina, zoletsa komanso lingaliro lokhala ndi udindo mwa munthu aliyense . Zambiri mwa superego, komabe, zimayendetsedwa mosazindikira, kotero kuti sitidziwa mawonekedwe athu abwino.
- I. Ndilo gawo loyimira pakati pa ma id oyendetsa ndi zofunikira za superego, pokhudzana ndi zomwe zikuchitika. Ili ndi udindo woteteza dongosolo lonselo, ngakhale zambiri zake zikugwira ntchito kuchokera mumdima wakukomoka. Komabe, ndi gawo la psyche lomwe limafotokoza zenizeni mwachindunji.
Ngakhale zili choncho, Freud akuchenjeza kuti zochitika izi sizigwira ntchito mwadongosolo koma m'malo mwake zimakhala ngati zovuta, popeza, zochulukira zawo zambiri sizigwirizana ndi zenizeni.
Lingaliro la psyche yaumunthu limatsutsana ndikutsutsana ngakhale lero, ngakhale limalandilidwa ndikudziwika kwambiri lomwe, modabwitsa, limapangitsa anthu ambiri kupeputsa kapena kumasulira molakwika.
Chitsanzo chawekha, icho ndi superego
Popeza ndizobisalira, zothandiza kutanthauzira machitidwe ndikuwayandikira mozama, ndizovuta kupereka zitsanzo za zochitika zamatsenga izi, koma m'mawu otakata wina akhoza kunena kuti:
- Zinthu zankhanzakwa ena kapena mikangano yodziwikiratu yamagulu itha kubwera kuchokera kwa iwo eni, mu chidwi chawo chofuna kuthana ndi zovuta zenizeni, nthawi zonse kuchita ndi ena m'njira yowonekera.
- Maofesi amlandu komanso osakwaniritsa zofuna zawoMwachitsanzo, nthawi zambiri amachokera ku superego, monga chizolowezi cholanga komanso chidwi cha machitidwe.
- Moyo ndi imfa imayendetsa zomwe zimawoneka kuti zimachokera mkati mwa psyche ndipo zomwe nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa machitidwe obwerezabwereza, nthawi zambiri zimachokera ku id.
- Maloto amamasuliridwa ndi psychoanalysis ngati chiwonetsero chobisika cha zomwe zili mu id, zomwe zimatha kudziwonetsera m'njira zosokoneza.
- Kukwaniritsidwa kwa zokhumba ndi malingaliro kudzera pakukambirana kwake ndi zophatikizika zenizeni, ndi ntchito yochitidwa ndi ego, yozunguliridwa ndi zofunikira za id ndi malamulo a superego.
