Zamkati
Malinga ndi acidity wawo, zinthu zimagawidwa acidic, zamchere kapena ndale. Acidity imayesedwa pH, yomwe imayimira hydrogen. Chinthu chosalowerera ndale chili ndi pH ya 7.
Zinthu zomwe pH yake ndi yochepera 7, ndi zinthu zopangika. Mchere wambiri wa asidi ndi pH 0. Acidity amatanthauza kuti kuchuluka kwa ayoni wa hydrogen amene amalipiritsa kwambiri ndi wamkulu kuposa ma ayoni a hydroxyl oopsa (hydrogen ndi oxygen).
Zida zimadziwika ndi:
- Kulawa kowawasa
- Redden pepala litmus
- Pangani efficience ya calcium calcium
- Amachita ndi zinthu zina monga zinc kapena iron.
- Amasokoneza mabesi
- Mu yankho lamadzimadzi amathandizira kudutsa magetsi
- Zimayambika kumatenda a khungu monga khungu
- Sungunulani zinthu
Iwo omwe pH yawo imaposa 7, ndi zinthu zamchere. Mulingo wokwera kwambiri ndi pH 14. Kutalika kwa zinthu kumatanthauza kuti kuchuluka kwa ayoni a hydroxyl (hydrogen ndi oxygen) omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu ndiochulukirapo kuposa ma ayoni a haidrojeni omwe amalipiritsa. Ma alkalines, omwe amatchedwanso mabesi, amadziwika ndi:
- Kulawa kowawa
- Pepala litmus litmus
- Sachita kufunsa
- Zinthu zomwe zasungunuka ndi zidulo zimaphulika
- Mu yankho lamadzimadzi amathandizanso kupitako kwa magetsi
- Sungunulani mafuta ndi sulfure
- Amachepetsa zidulo
Zitsanzo za zinthu zopanda ndale
- Mkaka: mkaka ndi chinthu chosalowerera ndale (pH 6.5). Komabe, ikakumana ndi timadziti ta m'mimba imakhala acidic, chifukwa chake, mosiyana ndi zomwe anthu ambiri amakhulupirira, sikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzidya ukamadwala kutentha pa chifuwa.
- Madzi othamanga: madzi apampopi kapena madzi apampopi ayenera kukhala chinthu chosalowerera ndale. Komabe, madzi amatha kuyatsidwa ionized, kutanthauza kuti ma ayoni a haidrojeni (oyendetsedwa bwino) amatha kukulira kukhala acidic.
- Madzi amchere okhala ndi gas: Mchere ndi gasi m'madzi am'mabotolo sizisintha pH yamadzi am'mabotolo kwambiri.
- Madzi amchere opanda mpweya
- Sopo wamadzi: khungu limakhala ndi asidi (pH 5.5 pafupifupi) pomwe sopo wolimba amakhala ndi pH woposa 8. Sopo zamadzimadzi ndizopangira zomwe acidity imawonjezera kuti ikhale pH yopanda ndale. Sopo wa Glycerin akuti "salowerera ndale" chifukwa ali ndi pH yofanana ndi khungu, koma ndimankhwala ndi asidi, popeza pH yake ndi yochepera 7.
- Sopo wochapa madzi: sopo wosalowerera ndale sakhala wankhanza kwambiri ku nsalu kuposa sopo wa asidi.
- Magazi: pakati pa 7.3 ndi 7.4
- Malovu: pakati pa 6.5 ndi 7.4
