Hedonism

Zamkati

• Nzeru za hedonistic
• Khalidwe lachiwerewere
• Zitsanzo za hedonism

Amatchulidwa hedonism kumakhalidwe, nzeru kapena malingaliro omwe ali ndi chisangalalo monga cholinga chake chachikulu.

Nzeru za hedonistic

Hedonism ngati filosofi imachokera ku Greek yakale ndipo idapangidwa ndi magulu awiri:

Zosokoneza

Sukulu yomwe idakhazikitsidwa ndi Aristipo de Cirene. Amanena kuti zosowa zawo ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa nthawi yomweyo, mosasamala zomwe ena akufuna kapena zosowa zawo. Mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kuyimira sukuluyi ndipoyamba mano anga, kenako abale anga”.

A Epikureya

Sukulu idayambika Epicurus waku Samos, m'zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chimodzi BC. Wafilosofi ananena kuti chimwemwe chimakhala ndikukhala mosalekeza munthawi yachisangalalo.

Ngakhale mitundu ina ya chisangalalo imakwiyitsidwa kudzera munzeru (kukongola kowoneka bwino, kutonthoza thupi, kununkhira kosangalatsa) palinso mitundu ya chisangalalo chomwe chimabwera chifukwa chazifukwa, komanso kungoti kulibe zopweteka.

Kwenikweni ankanena kuti palibe zosangalatsa zomwe zili zoipa mwa izo zokha. Koma, mosiyana ndi ma Cyrenaics, adanenanso kuti pangakhale chiwopsezo kapena cholakwika munjira zosangalalira.

Potsatira ziphunzitso za Epicurus, titha kusiyanitsa mitundu yosangalatsa:

• Zilakolako zachilengedwe komanso zofunika: Izi ndizofunikira zakuthupi, mwachitsanzo kudya, pogona, kumva kuti ndinu otetezeka, kuthetsa ludzu. Cholinga ndikuti akwaniritse momwe angathere posungira ndalama.
• Zilakolako zachilengedwe komanso zosafunikira: Kukhutiritsa kugonana, kukambirana kosangalatsa, kusangalala ndi zaluso. Mutha kuyesetsa kukwaniritsa zokhumba izi komanso kuyesayesa kukwaniritsa zokondweretsa ena. Kuti tikwaniritse zolingazi, ndikofunikira kuti tisayike pachiwopsezo cha thanzi, ubwenzi, kapena ndalama. Malingaliro awa alibe maziko zamakhalidweZimakhazikitsidwa popewa mavuto amtsogolo.
• Zolinga zosafunikira komanso zosafunikira: Kutchuka, mphamvu, kutchuka, kuchita bwino. Ndikofunika kuwapewa chifukwa chisangalalo chomwe amapanga sichikhala chokhazikika.

Ngakhale malingaliro a Epicurean anali anasiya mu Middle Ages (popeza zidatsutsana ndi zomwe mpingo wachikhristu umalemba), m'zaka za zana la 18 ndi 19 zidatengedwa ndi akatswiri anzeru zaku Britain a Jeremy Bentham, James Mill ndi John Stuart Mill, koma adazisintha kukhala chiphunzitso china chotchedwa kugwiritsa ntchito.

Khalidwe lachiwerewere

Masiku ano wina amawerengedwa kuti ndi hedonist akafuna zosangalatsa zawo.

Pagulu la ogula, hedonism imasokonezeka ndi kugula zinthu. Komabe, malinga ndi malingaliro a Epicurus, ndipo monga wogula aliyense angawonere, chisangalalo chopezeka pachuma chachuma sichikhalitsa. M'malo mwake, izi ndizomwe kudalira kugula, kufunika kopitiliza kukonzanso chisangalalo chosakhalitsa chopeza malonda.

Komabe, hedonism sichifuna kufunafuna chisangalalo kudzera kumwa.

Nthawi zonse, munthu amene amaika patsogolo zosangalatsa zake posankha zochita tsiku ndi tsiku amadziwika kuti ndi wachisoni.

Zitsanzo za hedonism

1. Kuyika ndalama paulendo wokwera mtengo womwe ungabweretse chisangalalo ndi mtundu wina wa hedonism, bola ngati ndalamazo sizikukhudzanso chuma mtsogolo. Kumbukirani kuti hedonism nthawi zonse imalepheretsa mavuto amtsogolo.
2. Sankhani mosamala zakudya zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira zabwino, kununkhira, kapangidwe kake komanso kupewa chakudya chochulukirapo chomwe chingayambitse mavuto pambuyo pake.
3. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pokhapokha ndi zinthu zomwe zimabweretsa chisangalalo komanso ndi cholinga chopewa kusapeza bwino pambuyo pake.
4. Kumanani ndi anthu okhawo omwe kupezeka kwawo komanso kucheza kwawo kumakhala kosangalatsa.
5. Pewani mabuku, mafilimu, kapena nkhani zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto.
6. Komabe, hedonism siyofanana ndi umbuli. Kuti muchite zinthu zina zokhutiritsa, nthawi zina kuphunzira kumafunika. Mwachitsanzo, kuti musangalale ndi buku muyenera kuyamba kuphunzira kuwerenga. Ngati wina amasangalala kukhala panyanja, amatha kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi ndi mphamvu kuphunzira kuyendetsa. Ngati kuphika kumasangalatsa, ndikofunikira kuphunzira maluso ndi maphikidwe atsopano.
7. Kupewa zochitika zosasangalatsa ndi mtundu wa hedonism womwe ungafune kukonzekera kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ngati wina sakonda kukonza nyumba yawo, amasankha ntchito yopindulitsa komanso yosangalatsa ndipo nthawi yomweyo amawapatsa ndalama zokwanira kuti alembere wina kuti ayeretse nyumba yawo. Mwanjira ina, hedonism "sikukhala munthawi yochepa" koma kukonza moyo wa munthu kufunafuna kupezeka kwa mavuto ndi chisangalalo kwa nthawi yayitali.