Zamkati
A pepani Ndi mtundu wankhani womwe umalembedwa kapena kufotokozedwa ndi cholinga chofalitsa chiphunzitso chamakhalidwe. Nkhanizi zidabuka Kummawa mkati mwa Middle Ages ndipo zili ndi cholinga chofanana ndi nthano koma, mosiyana ndi izi, anthu ake ndi anthu (osati nyama monga nthano kapena nthano).
- Onaninso: Nthano Zachidule
Makhalidwe a wopepesa
- Nthawi zambiri amalembedwa motere.
- Amalongosola mwachilengedwe ndipo amakhala ndi kutalika kwapakatikati kapena kwakukulu.
- Sagwiritsa ntchito chilankhulo kapena zaluso.
- Amagwiritsa ntchito nkhani zomwe zimafanana ndi zochitika zenizeni.
- Sizinthu zosangalatsa koma zowona zake ndizodalirika komanso zatsiku ndi tsiku.
- Cholinga chake ndikusiya chiphunzitso chamakhalidwe abwino ndikukwanitsa kudzidziwitsa nokha ndikuwonetsa owerenga kapena omvera.
Zitsanzo za opepesa
- Mkulu wokalamba ndi chipinda chatsopano
Nkhaniyi imatiuza kuti bambo wachikulire anali atangomwalira wamasiye atangofika kumene kwawo, kwawo kwatsopano. Pomwe wolandila alendo adamuwuza za zabwino za chipinda chake komanso malingaliro omwe angakhale nawo mchipindacho, bambo wachikulireyo adayimirira kwamphindi zochepa osawoneka bwino kenako ndikuti: "Ndimakonda chipinda changa chatsopano."
Asanayankhe mkuluyo, wolandila alendo adati: "Bwana, dikirani, ndikakuwonetsani chipinda chanu pang'ono. Kumeneko mutha kuwunika ngati mumakonda kapena ayi." Koma bambo wachikulireyo adayankha mwachangu kuti: "Palibe kanthu. Ngakhale chipinda changa chatsopano chikhale chotani, ndalamula kale kuti ndidzakonda chipinda changa chatsopano. Chimwemwe chimasankhidwa pasadakhale. Kaya ndikufuna chipinda changa sichidalira mipando kapena zokongoletsera, koma momwe ndimaganizira kuti ndiziwonera. Ndasankha kale kuti chipinda changa chatsopano chizindisangalatsa. Awa ndimaganizo omwe ndimapanga m'mawa uliwonse ndikadzuka ”.
- Wokaona komanso wanzeru
M'zaka 100 zapitazi alendo adapita ku Cairo ku Egypt kukakumana ndi nkhalamba yanzeru yomwe idakhala kumeneko.
Atalowa m'nyumba mwake, alendo odzawonawo adazindikira kuti kulibe mipando, amakhala mchipinda chaching'ono chosavuta momwe mudali mabuku ochepa, tebulo, kama ndi benchi yaying'ono.
Wofikirayo adadabwa ndi kuchepa kwa katundu wake. "Kodi mipando yako ili kuti?" Adafunsa alendo. "Ndipo zako zili kuti?", Anayankha wochenjera. "Mipando yanga? Koma ndikungodutsa," alendo odabwa kwambiri. "Inenso," adayankha anzeru, ndikuwonjeza kuti: "moyo wapadziko lapansi ndiwanthawi yochepa, koma anthu ambiri amakhala ngati kuti akhala pano kwamuyaya ndikuiwala kukhala achimwemwe."
- Sultan ndi wosauka
Nkhaniyi ikuti sultan anali akuchoka m'malire a nyumba yake yachifumu pomwe komanso podutsa mundawo adakumana ndi bambo wachikulire yemwe amabzala kanjedza. Sultan adati kwa iye: "O, Munthu Wamkulu, ndiwe wosazindikira bwanji! Sukuwona kuti zitenga zaka kuti mgwalangwa ubereke zipatso ndipo moyo wako uli kale mdera lamadzulo?" Mkulu uja adamuyang'ana mokoma nati "O, Sultan! Tidabzala ndikudya. Tiyeni tiwabzale kuti adye." Atakumana ndi nzeru za nkhalamba, Sultan, modabwitsidwa, adampatsa ndalama zagolide monga chizindikiro chothokoza. Mkulu uja anawerama pang'ono kenako anamufunsa kuti: "Waona? Mtengo wa kanjedzawu wabala msanga bwanji!"
Tsatirani ndi:
- Nkhani zachidule
- Nthano zam'mizinda
- Nthano zowopsa
