Zamkati
- Makhalidwe abwinobwino: mtundu ndi kununkhiza
- Kodi mkodzo umapangidwa ndi chiyani?
- Kodi mkodzo umapangidwa bwanji?
- Kusanthula kwamkodzo
Pulogalamu yamkodzo Ndi madzi omwe amapangidwa ndi madzi ndi zinthu zolekanitsidwa ndi thupi, ndipo zomwe zimagwira ntchito yolumikizidwa ndikuchotsa zinthu zosafunikira mthupi, kapena zogwirizana ndi kuwongolera ma electrolyte, kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kuchepa kwa asidi. Mkodzo umasungidwa ndi impso, kusungidwa mu chikhodzodzo, ndikuchotsa pokodza..
Makhalidwe abwinobwino: mtundu ndi kununkhiza
Zina mwazofunikira kwambiri mkodzo ndi zake mtundu, yokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe ali mmenemo: pomwe thupi lomwe limadya madzi ambiri limakhala ndi mkodzo wowonekera bwino, m'matupi owonongeka kwambiri ndizachilendo impso zimasunga madzi mthupi, ndikupangitsa mkodzo kukhala ndi utoto wachikasu wamphamvu kwambiri.
Potsirizira pake mkodzo umatha kukhala ndi mtundu wosavomerezeka, womwe ungakhale chifukwa cha zovuta (monga kudya zakudya zamitundu yambiri) kapena chifukwa cha matenda amachitidwe. Nthawi zonse mkodzo ulibe kununkhiza, koma nthawi zina limatha kukhala ndi fungo losazolowereka: monga utoto, limatha kukhala chifukwa cha zovuta kapena zazing'ono, kapena matenda ena ochepa.
Kodi mkodzo umapangidwa ndi chiyani?
Thupi nthawi zambiri limachotsa mkodzo wa lita imodzi ndi theka patsiku. Nambalayi, imafotokozedwa bwino poyang'ana momwe mkodzo umapangidwira:
Mkodzo wa 95% umapangidwa ndi madzi, pomwe 2% amapangidwa ndi mchere wamchere (monga ma chloride, phosphates, sulfates, ammonia salt) ndi 3% ya zinthu zachilengedwe (urea, uric acid, hippuric acid, creatinine). Mkodzo ndi chimodzi mwazinthu ziwiri zazikulu zotayira madzi m'thupi, komanso thukuta.
Kodi mkodzo umapangidwa bwanji?
Kupanga mkodzo ndi njira yomwe imakhala ndi magawo atatu:
- Kusefera: Magazi omwe amayendetsedwa ndi arteriole okhudzidwa amafika ku glomerulus, ndipo ma solute am'magazi amadutsa ma capillaries mwachangu kwambiri. Mkati mwa glomerulus, zinyalala zamafuta zimasefedwa, ndi michere yaying'ono yomwe itayidwe: kudutsa madzi ambiri kumayambitsa kupangika kwa madzi, omwe amatchedwa glomerular filtrate.
- Kubwezeretsanso Tubular: Chinyezi chisefera chimadutsa m'machubu ya impso, ndipo pamenepo zinthu zina zimabwezeretsedwanso ndikuphatikizidwanso m'magazi. Zina mwazinthu zomwe zimabwezeretsedwanso ndi madzi, sodium, glucose, phosphate, potaziyamu, amino acid ndi calcium.
- Kutulutsa kwamachubu: Kuchokera m'magazi am'magazi kupita kumalo okwanira uriniferous, gawo lalikulu la zinthu zamagazi limasamutsidwa, pomwe zinyalala zimapangidwa kuchokera ku ma capillaries a tubular kupita ku lumen ya tubule, mdera lakutali.
Madziwo akangopangidwa, amafika pa chubu chotolera komwe chinthu chokhacho chomwe chingaphatikizepo ndi madzi pang'ono, chifukwa chake sichimaganizidwanso gawo limodzi. Komabe, ndipamalo pomwe madzi amadzipangira dzina la mkodzo, ndikupita nalo ku chikhodzodzo, komwe amasungidwa mpaka kukodza kukakomoka.
Kusanthula kwamkodzo
Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe amkodzo ndikuti kusanthula komwe kumapangidwa ndi kapangidwe kake ndikothandiza kwambiri- Pogwiritsa ntchito pepala lapadera, mayeso amatha kuchitidwa mwachangu omwe angawonetse ngati pali zinthu zosazolowereka mumkodzo, zomwe zimafala kwambiri ndi shuga, mapuloteni kapena magazi.
Matenda monga chotupa, matenda amtima, kapena zosiyana matenda amkodzo kapena impso Amatha kupezeka kudzera mu kusanthula kwamtunduwu, komwe kumathandizanso kuzindikira zakumwa kwa mankhwala ena omwe amachotsedwa mumkodzo.
