Makampani opanga mayiko

Zamkati

• Zitsanzo zamakampani opanga maiko akunja

Pulogalamu ya makampani opanga mayiko kapena mayiko akunja ndi mabungwe akuluakulu omwe amapangidwa ndikulembetsedwa mdziko lapansi kenako amafalikira padziko lonse lapansi potsegulira mabungwe kapena ma franchise, omwe ndalama zawo, ngakhale zili ndi anthu wamba ogwira ntchito komanso ogula, zimabwezeretsa likulu lomwe lapangidwa kudziko chiyambi.

Amalumikizidwa kwambiri ndi zochitika padziko lonse lapansi komanso posinthana padziko lonse lapansi, udindo wawo wothandizirana ndi chikhalidwe komanso bizinesi yayamba kufunsidwa kwambiri, popeza njira zawo zopezera ndalama ndikuchepetsa mitengo nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa mfundo zopanda chilungamo komanso zosavomerezeka.

Ma transnationals ndi bizinesi yosatsutsika padziko lonse lapansi, kutengera njira zawo zotsatsa komanso zotsatsa, komanso kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito zinthu (za anthu ndi zachilengedwe) za kudera lina ndikugulitsa malonda awo kudera lina.

Pazifukwa izi, komanso chifukwa cha mtundu wawo wakudzipezera chuma posamutsa ndalama, omwe amawatsutsa amakonda kuwatcha maiko akunja ndipo ayi mayiko akunja, powona kuti nthawi yomalizayi ndi yosocheretsa, popeza salimbikitsa chitukuko kumadera onse padziko lapansi komwe amakhala.

Onaninso: Zitsanzo za Monopolies ndi Oligopolies

Zitsanzo zamakampani opanga maiko akunja

1. Manzana. Waku America, adadzipereka pakompyuta ndi zamagetsi, makamaka kupanga zida zosiyanasiyana ndi zina. Ndiye mlengi wazinthu zodziwika bwino za iPod, iPad, iPhone ndi Macintosh.
2. Samsung. Wobadwira ku South Korea, ndi amodzi mwamabungwe akuluakulu a telephony, zamagetsi ndi ukadaulo wazidziwitso: mafoni, ma televizioni, zowonetsera za LED ndi LCD komanso tchipisi tapa kompyuta.
3. Gulu la Volkswagen. Kampani yamagalimoto yaku Germany iyi ndi imodzi mwazikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, yomwe ili ndi ma Audi, Porsche, Bentley, Bugatti, Lamborghini, SEAT ndi ena ambiri.
4. Masitolo a Walmart. Kampani yogulitsa ku America yomwe imagwira ntchito m'maketani ogulitsa masitolo akuluakulu. Ndiye amene ali ndi anthu ochuluka kwambiri pantchito zachinsinsi padziko lapansi.
5. Chigoba Chachifumu Chachi Dutch. Kampani yodziwika bwino ya Anglo-Dutch hydrocarbon ili ndi zokonda zake pamafuta amafuta ndi gasi, ndipo ndi amodzi mwamayiko akulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi: omwe ali ndi ndalama zochulukirapo kuposa zonse.
6. General Zamagetsi. Mphamvu, madzi, thanzi, ndalama zapayokha, ntchito zachuma ndi media osiyanasiyana ndi magawo omwe kampani iyi yaku America ilowererapo, ikupezeka m'maiko opitilira 100 komanso ndi ogwira ntchito opitilira 300,000 padziko lonse lapansi.
7. Exxon-Mobil. Yakhazikitsidwa ngati Standard Oil Company mu 1889, kampani yaku hydrocarbon iyi yaku US imafutukula ntchito zake pakuwunika mafuta, kuyeretsa, kupanga ndi kutsatsa zamafuta ndi gasi wachilengedwe m'maiko 40.
8. HSBC Holdings. Zizindikiro za Hong Kong ndi Shanghai Banking Corporation, wokhala ndi likulu ku London, England, mayiko akunja amabanki ndi amodzi mwa omwe amapereka ndalama zambiri kubanki ndi zachuma, ndipo chachiwiri padziko lapansi malinga ndi masheya, ndi 80% ya omwe akugawana nawo ku United Kingdom.
9. AT & T.. American Telefoni & Telegraph ndi kampani yolumikizirana ku America, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chingwe chachikulu kwambiri ku US ndipo ndi imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi.
10. Petrobras. Petroleo Brasileiro S. A. ndi kampani wamba yaku South America, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mayiko ambiri amatenga nawo mbali komanso akunja akunja. Ikugwira nawo mwakhama msika wamafuta wapadziko lonse lapansi komanso kutsatsa kuchokera kuzinthu zake, zomwe zili m'gulu lachinayi padziko lonse lapansi.
11. Zamgululi. Kampani yayikulu kwambiri kubanki padziko lonse lapansi ndi yaku America, ndipo ili ndi mbiri yakukwaniritsidwa kokhala woyamba kuphatikiza inshuwaransi ndi zachuma pambuyo pa Kukhumudwa Kwakukulu kwa 1929.
12. BP (Briteni Mafuta). Kampani yaku Britain yopanga magetsi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ma hydrocarboni, achisanu ndi chitatu m'gulu lake padziko lonse lapansi malinga ndi magaziniyo Forbes, ndipo wachitatu padziko lonse lapansi pamsika wamafuta achinsinsi pambuyo pa ExxonMobil ndi Shell.
13. Zamgululi. Chidule cha Industrial and Commerce Bank yaku China, ndi colossus yaku Asia yomwe ili m'boma. Amawerengedwa kuti ndi banki yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi pamtengo wamsika, madipoziti, komanso yopindulitsa kwambiri.
14. Zotsatira Wells Fargo & Co.. Kuchokera ku America, ndi banki yachinayi yayikulu kwambiri ku United States ndipo ndi imodzi mwa ikuluikulu padziko lapansi. Imaperekanso ntchito zosiyanasiyana zachuma ndi ogwira ntchito padziko lonse lapansi.
15. MacDonald's. Mgulugulu wazakudya zaku America (ma hamburger, zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi ndi maswiti) zidafalikira m'maiko 119 padziko lonse lapansi m'misika 35,000 yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito anthu 1.7 miliyoni. Ndi kampani yodziwika bwino yomwe imagwira ntchito zamayiko osiyanasiyana ndipo nthawi zambiri imadzudzulidwa ndikudzudzulidwa, ndikuwayimba mlandu wakuwononga chakudya komwe kwachitika kwa achinyamata padziko lonse lapansi.
16. Zabwino Zonse. Mgwirizano wabizinesi wamagawo azama petrochemical and energy ochokera ku France, amapezeka m'maiko opitilira 130 ndikugwiritsa ntchito anthu pafupifupi 111,000.
17. OAO Gazprom. Chopanga chachikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi komanso kampani yayikulu kwambiri ku Russia, idakhazikitsidwa ku 1989 ndipo imayang'aniridwa ndi boma la Russia. Ili ndi antchito 415,000 komanso kugulitsa $ 31 biliyoni pachaka.
18. DRM. Kampani yaku America yomwe imagulitsa mafuta yomwe idakhazikitsidwa ku 1911, ndi kampani yachisanu yomwe imakhala ndi ndalama zochulukirapo padziko lapansi, yokhala ndi minda yamafuta ndi gasi, zombo zonyamula katundu ndi zoyikapo zina zapadera.
19. Allianz. Gulu lalikulu kwambiri la inshuwaransi ku Europe ndipo lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ndi lochokera ku Germany, lolumikizidwa ndi pafupifupi makampani onse akulu ku kontrakitala. Atapeza AGF ndi RAS, adasinthidwa dzina Thandizo la Allianz Global.
20. Monsanto. American agrochemicals and biotechnology transnational yopanga zaulimi ndi mtsogoleri wadziko lonse pankhani yazakudya zopangidwa ndi majini ndi kupanga herbicide. Zonena zake zambiri zakuti ali ndi umphawi wamadzi obadwa nawo, zoyipa zoyipa kuumoyo wa anthu komanso chakudya chamayiko ena zimamutsutsa padziko lonse lapansi. Ngakhale zili choncho, ili ndi antchito 25,500 padziko lonse lapansi.