Zizindikiro zopumira m'Chichewa

Mfundo. Dontho ngati chikwangwani cholembedwa limatchedwa "nthawi". Mukagwiritsa ntchito maimelo kapena ma intaneti, amatchedwa "dontho."

Mfundoyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kambiri. Chimodzi mwazomwezo ndikuwonetsa zidule ndi zilembo.

1. Wokondedwa Mr. Smith / Wokondedwa Mr. Smith
2. Iwo anafika 9 koloko m'mawa. / Adafika 9 koloko m'mawa
3. Ndakatulo iyi idalembedwa ndi E. E. Cummings. / Ndakatulo iyi idalembedwa ndi E. E. Cumming.

Nthawi ndi kutsatira Chingerezi: Nthawiyo ikagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nthawi yotsatira mu Chingerezi amatchedwa "full stop". Ikhoza kutchedwanso "nyengo", koma kuwonetsa ntchito yake (mwachitsanzo pakulamula) mawu oti "kuyima kwathunthu" ndiabwino, popeza "nthawi" imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka poyimilira, kutanthauza kuti, yomwe ili amagwiritsa ntchito kupatula ndime.

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito polemba kutha kwa sentensi ngati si funso kapena kufuula.

1. TV imatsegulidwa. / TV ikuyatsa.
2. Ndikufuna chidutswa cha keke. / Ndikufuna gawo limodzi.
3. Amakonda kupita kokaonera kanema. / Amakonda kupita kumakanema.
4. Nyimbozi ndizokweza kwambiri. / Nyimboyi ndiyokweza kwambiri.

Idyani: mu Chingerezi amatchedwa "comma".

Ankagwiritsa ntchito posonyeza kupuma pang'ono mu sentensi.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mokakamizidwa: kusiyanitsa zinthu zingapo.

1. Mwa mphatso panali zidole, khitchini yoseweretsa, madiresi ndi mwana wagalu. / Mwa mphatso panali zidole, khitchini yoseweretsa, madiresi ndi kagalu.
2. Anzanga apamtima ndi Andrew, Michael ndi John. / Anzanga apamtima ndi Andrew, Michael ndi John.

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupatula ziganizo ziwiri kapena zingapo zogwirizana. M'Chichewa, si onse omasulira omwe ali ndi udindo wofanana mu chiganizo. Koma ziganizo zogwirizana ndizo zomwe zingasinthidwe bwino.

1. Bobby ndi mwana wosangalala, woseketsa komanso wanzeru. / Bobby ndi mnyamata wokondwa, woseketsa komanso wanzeru.

Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito poyambitsa mawu achindunji.

1. Stephen adauza abwanawo, "ulibe ufulu wolankhula nafe motere."
2. "Tiye," anatero Angela, "titha kukhalabe abwenzi."

Kufotokozera, ndiye kuti, kukhazikitsa zinthu zosafunikira mu chiganizo. Comma imagwiritsidwa ntchito magawo am'mbuyomu komanso pambuyo pake, mawu ndi kufotokozera mawu.

1. Laura, azakhali anga omwe ndimawakonda kwambiri, akondwerera tsiku lawo lobadwa mawa. / Laura, azakhali anga omwe ndimawakonda kwambiri, akondwerera tsiku lawo lobadwa mawa.

Kulekanitsa zinthu ziwiri zomwe zimasiyanirana.

1. Michael ndi msuweni wanga, osati mchimwene wanga. / Michael ndi msuweni wanga, osati m'bale wanga.

Kusiyanitsa zigawo zazing'ono:

1. Malo ogulitsira khofi anali atadzaza, amayenera kupita kwina. / Cafe inali yodzaza, amayenera kupita kwina.

Funso likayankhidwa ndi "inde" kapena "ayi", amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulekanitsa "inde" kapena "ayi" ndi chiganizo chonsecho.

1. Ayi, sindikuganiza kuti akunama. / Ayi, sindikuganiza kuti akunama.
2. Inde, ndingakhale wokondwa kukuthandizani homuweki yanu. / Inde, zikhala zosangalatsa kukuthandizani homuweki.

Mfundo ziwiri: m'Chingerezi amatchedwa "colon".

Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito musanakhale pachibwenzi (monga njira ina yotsatsira). Zikatero, zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito, zomwe zimatchedwa "quotation marks".

1. Anandiuza kuti: "Ndidzachita zonse zomwe ndingathe kuti ndiwathandize." / Iye anandiuza kuti: "Ndidzachita zonse zomwe ndingathe kukuthandiza."
2. Mukudziwa zomwe akunena: "Samalani zomwe mukufuna." / Mukudziwa zomwe akunena: "Samalani ndi zomwe mukufuna."

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulemba mindandanda:

1. Pulogalamuyi imaphatikizapo ntchito zonse: mayendedwe kuchokera ku eyapoti, mwayi wosambira, spa, zakudya zonse ndi malo ogona. / Pulogalamuyi ikuphatikiza ntchito zonse: mayendedwe kuchokera ku eyapoti, kufikira padziwe, spa, zakudya zonse ndi malo ogona.

Komanso kuti tidziwitse:

1. Pambuyo pamaola ambiri, adazindikira vuto padenga: matailosiwo anali ndi ming'alu yaying'ono kwambiri yomwe sinkawoneka, koma imalola kuti mvula ilowemo. / Pambuyo maola ambiri, adapeza vuto padenga: matailosiwo anali ndi ming'alu yaying'ono kwambiri yomwe sinkawoneka koma imalola kuti mvula ilowe.

Semicoloni: m'Chingerezi amatchedwa "semicolon".

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulekanitsa malingaliro awiri ofanana koma osiyana.

1. Adasiya kulembedwa ziwonetsero zatsopano; omvera sanafune kumvanso nyimbo zomwezo; atolankhani sanalembenso za iwo. / Adasiya kulembedwa ntchito kuti awonetse ziwonetsero zatsopano; anthu sanafune kumvanso nyimbo zomwezo; atolankhani salinso kulemba za iwo.
2. M'dera lino nyumba ndizakale komanso zokongola; nyumba zomangira ndizazikulu ndipo zili ndi mawindo akulu olowetsa. / Kudera lino nyumbazi ndizakale komanso zokongola; nyumba zomwe zili mnyumbazi ndi zazikulu ndipo zili ndi mawindo akulu oti aziwunikira.

Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito en zolemba makoma akawonekera pazomwe zalembedwa.

1. Kuchokera ku nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale muziyenda mamita mazana awiri mpaka mukafike paki; osadutsa msewu, khoterani kumanja; yendani mamita mazana atatu mpaka mukafike ku roti; tembenuzirani kumanja ndipo mupeza malo odyera. / Kuchokera ku nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale muziyenda mamita mazana awiri mpaka mukafike paki; osadutsa msewu, khoterani kumanja; yendani mamita ena mazana atatu kupita ku magetsi; tembenuzirani kumanja ndipo mupeza malo odyera.
2. Tiyenera kugula chokoleti, kirimu ndi sitiroberi pa keke; ham, mkate ndi tchizi za masangweji; chotsukira ndi bulichi yoyeretsera; khofi, tiyi ndi mkaka kadzutsa. Tiyenera kugula chokoleti, kirimu, ndi sitiroberi pa keke; ham, mkate ndi tchizi za masangweji; sopo, masiponji ndi bulitchi yoyeretsera; khofi, tiyi ndi mkaka kadzutsa.

Chizindikiro cha funso mu english: amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyika funso ndipo amatchedwa "funso". M'Chizungu, funso siligwiritsidwe ntchito koyambirira kwa funso koma kumapeto kwake. Pogwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro chofunsira, palibe nthawi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito posonyeza kumapeto kwa chiganizo.

1. Nthawi ili bwanji? / Nthawi ili bwanji?
2. Kodi mumadziwa kupita ku Victoria Street? / Kodi mumadziwa kupita ku Victoria Street?

Chizindikiro mu Chingerezi: momwemonso ndi mafunso, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumapeto kwa mawu ofotokozera. Amatchedwa "chizindikiro chofuula"

1. Malo awa ndi akulu kwambiri! / Malo awa ndi akulu kwambiri!
2. Zikomo kwambiri! / Zikomo!

Madontho afupiafupi: Amatchedwa "zonyenga" ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito polekanitsa magawo amawu apawiri.

1. Ndi apongozi anga. / Ndi apongozi anga.
2. Chakumwa ichi chilibe shuga. / Chakumwa ichi chilibe shuga.

Madontho aatali: Amatchedwa "dash" ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati siginecha ya zokambirana (mawu olunjika), ngati njira ina m'malo mwa mawu ogwidwa.

1. - Moni muli bwanji? - Chabwino, zikomo.

Komanso kuti mumveke, mofanananso ndi momwe mabelesi amagwiritsidwira ntchito. Mosiyana ndi zolembera, ngati agwiritsidwa ntchito kumapeto kwa sentensi, sikofunikira kuyika mzere wotseka.

1. Ntchito yomangayi idatenga zaka ziwiri - kuwirikiza kawiri kuposa momwe amayembekezera. / Ntchito yomanga inatenga zaka ziwiri - kawiri kuposa momwe amayembekezera.

Zolemba

Ndi njira zina zopangira ma desh atali kuti afotokozere. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambira komanso pamapeto, nthawi zonse.

1. Purezidenti watsopanoyo analandila a Jones (omwe anali omuthandizira kuyambira pachiyambi) ndi alendo ena onse. / Purezidenti watsopano analandira bambo Jones (omwe anali omuthandiza kuyambira pachiyambi) komanso alendo ena onse.

Apostrophe in nyanja: Ndilo chizindikiro chopumulira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu Chingerezi kuposa Chisipanishi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito posonyeza kupindika. Amatchedwa "apostrophe."

1. Adzabweranso mphindi. / Adzabweranso kamphindi.
2. Tikupita kukagula. / Tikupita kukagula.
3. Iyi ndi galimoto ya Eliot. / Iyi ndi galimoto ya Eliot.

Andrea ndi mphunzitsi wachilankhulo, ndipo pa akaunti yake ya Instagram amaphunzitsa payekha pavidiyo kuti muphunzire kulankhula Chingerezi.