Zamkati
Pulogalamu ya mafunso WHkhalani ndi phata, lomwe ndi mneni womwe umapezeka pambuyo pa mwambi mawu oyamba omwe zilembo zawo ziwiri zoyambirira ndi 'wh', ndipo verebu ili lidzagwirizanitsidwa munthawi yofananira malingana ndi zomwe zidziwike (pakali pano, m'mbuyomu kapena mtsogolo; zenizeni kapena zongoyerekeza) komanso kwa munthu wolingana.
M'Chichewa pali mitundu iwiri ya zigawo za ziganizo zofunsidwa: awo a 'funso lotseka'Ndipo awo a'funso lotseguka’. Nchiyani chimasiyanitsa china ndi chimzake?
- Mafunso otsekedwa, yankho lake ndilovuta, ngati yankho akungoyembekezera Inde kapena a ayi, pamapeto pake kumatsatiridwa ndikulungamitsidwa kapena tsatanetsatane. Mwachitsanzo, mukafunsa kuti 'Kodi ichi ndi chipewa chanu?', Mungodikirira yankho kuti 'inde' kapena 'ayi' (inde kapena ayi), popeza mukungofunsa za zomwe zili zoona kapena zabodza pazomwe mudafunsa .
- Tsegulani mafunsoMbali inayi, sangayankhidwe ndi 'inde' kapena 'ayi', chifukwa zowona akupempha zambiri. Mu Chingerezi mafunso awa amadziwikanso kuti 'wh- mafunso', Popeza ziganizo zonse zomwe zimawadziwitsa zimayamba ndi zilembo'wh’.
Mitundu ya mafunso a wh-wh
Mafunso oyambira akuti 'wh' omwe akuwonetsa komwe chidziwitso chingapezeke ndi awa:
- 'que' ('izo'). Ex. que mukuchita? Mukutani?
- 'Zomwe' ('which, which'). Ex. Zomwe ndi mtundu womwe mumakonda? Kodi mumakonda mtundu wanji?
- 'Liti' ('liti'). Ex. Liti ndi tsiku lanu lobadwa? Tsiku lanu lobadwa ndi liti?
- 'Kumene' ('pati'). Ex. Kuti ndi chiweto chako? Chinyama chako chiri kuti?
- quien ' ('who'). Ex. queen ndi m'bale wako? Mbale wako ndi ndani?
- 'Yemwe' ('amene'). Ex. Yemwe chiweto ndi ichi? Ichi ndi chiweto cha yani?
- 'Ndani' ('Kwa ndani'). Ex. Ndani munapita kuchipatala?Munamuyendera ndani kuchipatala?
Kuchokera m'mawu awa mitundu yatsopano imatsegulidwa, monga:
- 'China ndi chiyani' ('china ndi chiyani')
- 'Nthawi yanji' ('nthawi yanji')
- ‘Ndi mtundu wanji’ ('zamtundu wanji')
- 'Ndani winanso' ('ndani')
- 'Kwina kwina' ('kwina')
Pomaliza, funso limodzi limawoneka kuti mwachikhalidwe ndi gawo la 'wh', koma silimayamba ndi otchulidwa: awa ndi 'Bwanji', kutanthauza kuti 'bwanji'.
Komanso kuchokera 'momwe' mafunso ena amachokera monga 'Zingati' ('angati'), 'Angati' ('angati'), 'Mochuluka motani' ('mochuluka motani'), 'Motalika bwanji' ('motalika bwanji'), 'Kuchedwa bwanji' ('Kuchedwa bwanji'), ‘Kalekale bwanji’ ('Zakale bwanji') kapena 'Posachedwa' ('Posachedwa').
Onaninso:
- Zitsanzo za Zaka zingati, kutalika, komanso kangati
- Zitsanzo zingati komanso zingati
Zitsanzo za mafunso amafunsidwe
Mndandanda wotsatirawu muli zitsanzo makumi awiri za ziganizo za 'wh' mu Chingerezi:
- Zomwe shati kodi muvala muwonetsero? Kodi mudzavala malaya ati pawonetsero?
- Kuti wagula chikwama ichi? Wagula kuti chikwama?
- Zomwe ndi mtundu womwe mumakonda? Kodi mumakonda mtundu wanji?
- Chifukwa? akuwoneka wokhumudwa kwambiri? Nchifukwa chiyani akuwoneka wachisoni?
- Liti mungasaine zikalatazo? Kodi musainira liti zikalatazo?
- Motalika bwanji zinakutengera kuti ufike kuphwandoko? Zinakutengera nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti ufike kuphwandoko?
- Zingati amamwa mowa? Amamwa mowa wochuluka motani?
- Kuti ndi shawa? Shawa ili kuti?
- Mochuluka motani umapita kumalo ochitira zisudzo?Kodi mumapita kangati kumalo oonetsera zisudzo?
- Ndani munapita kuchipatala?Munamuyendera ndani kuchipatala?
- Yemwe lingaliro linali kuti?Anali lingaliro la ndani?
- Angati anzanu munawaitana?Mudayitanitsa abwenzi angati?
- Zomwe wotsogolera mafilimu mumamusilira?Kodi mumayang'ana kanema uti?
- Liti mukubwera kudzawona agogo anu?Udzabwera liti kukaona agogo ako?
- Bwanji mchemwali wako ndi wamkulu?Mchemwali wako ali ndi zaka zingati?
- que ndi gombe lomwe mumakonda?Kodi ndi gombe liti lomwe mumakonda kwambiri?
- Bwanji izi zimagwira ntchito?Kodi ichi chimagwira ntchito bwanji?
- Kuti ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale imeneyo?Kodi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale ili kuti?
- que ndi nyumba yayitali kwambiri padziko lapansi?Kodi nyumba yayitali kwambiri padziko lapansi ndi iti?
- que mumakonda chakudya chanji?Mumakonda chakudya chamtundu wanji?
- Kuti adakhala ku New York?Kodi amakhala kuti ku New York?
Amatha kukutumikirani:
- Zitsanzo Mafunso ndi Chiyani
- Komwe Mafunso Zitsanzo
- Zitsanzo za Mafunso ndi Pomwe
- Zitsanzo za Mafunso
- Zitsanzo za Mafunso ndi Ndani
- Zitsanzo za Mafunso ndi Ndani
- Zitsanzo Mafunso omwe
Andrea ndi mphunzitsi wachilankhulo, ndipo pa akaunti yake ya Instagram amaphunzitsa payekha pavidiyo kuti muphunzire kulankhula Chingerezi.
